| A | B |
|---|
| Earth Science | the study of the earth and of the universe around it.q |
| Four main branches of earth science | solid earth, the oceans, the atmosphere, the universe beyond the earth. |
| Geology | the study of the origin, history, and the processes that shape it |
| Oceanography | study of the earth's ocean |
| Meteorology | Study of the earth's atmosphere (what produces weather) |
| Astronomy | The study of the universe beyond the earth |
| Oldest branches of earth science | what is astronomy |
| Geosphere | the solid earth |
| Hydrosphere | its water |
| atmophere | the gases surrounding the earth |
| biologest | study the living world |
| ecology | an area of science where biology and earth science are closely linked (living things and their environment) |
| Ecosystem | a community of organisms and the environment they inhabit |
| Biosphere | largest ecosystem it compasses all life on earth and the physical environment that supports it. |
| pollution | contamination of the environment with waste product or impurties (serious threat) |
| biodegradable | waste products (plastics are ingested) |
| scientific methods | they are guides to scientic problem solving |
| observation | a scientific inquiry |
| measurement | important means of gathering information |
| hypothesis | once a problem has been stated and information gathered |
| experimentation | a hypothesis is tested |
| variables | used to prove or disprove the hypothesis |
| theory | a hypothesis that is supported by the results of experiementation and observations |
| scientific law | a rule that correctly describes a natural phenomenon |
| spectrum | isaac newton observed sunlight passing through lass prism |
| wavelength | distance from the crest of one wave ot the crest of the next |
| elements | a substance that has a characteristic set of physical and chemical properties |
| Doppler effect | apparent shift in the wavelengths of energy emitted by energy source moving away from or toward an observer |
| spectroscope | an instrument to study starlight |
| backgroung radiation | low levels of energy evenly distributed throughout the universe |
| Big bang theory states that galaxies in the universer are | moving away from one another |
| Evidence for the big bank theory includes | blue shift in the spectra of galaxies |
