| A | B |
|---|
| cell cycle | the life stages of a cell |
| chromosome | structures that contain DNA |
| genes | small segments of chromosomes |
| mutation | a mistake in the DNA sequence of bases |
| homologous chromosomes | chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes and the same structure |
| mitosis | stage of cell division in which two new nuclei form |
| cytokinesis | division on cytoplasm |
| interphase | longest stage of the cell cycle; cell grows and copies chromosomes |
| prophase | nuclear membrane dissolves in this phase of mitosis |
| anaphase | chromatids separate and move to opposite sides of the cell |
| metaphase | chromatids line up at the equator of the cell |
| telophase | nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes |
| chromatid | the duplicated chromosomes |
| centromere | region where chromatids are attached |
| chromatin | proteins and chromosomes in the nucleus |
| binary fission | process of cell division in simple organisms such as bacteria |
| homeostasis | maintenance of a stable, internal environment |
| feedback mechanism | cycle of events in which information from one step controls or affects a previous step |
| transport proteins | structures attached to the cell membrane that assist in moving large particles across the membrane |
| ADH | antidiuretic hormone |
| kidneys | organs that remove liquid wastes from the blood |
| glucose | simple sugar that is a product of photosynthesis and found in your blood |
| insulin | hormone secreted by the pancreas to convert glucose to stored energy |
| glycogen | compound formed due to the reaction of insulin and glucose |
| glucagon | hormone secreted by the pancreas that causes glycogen to be converted to glucose when blood sugar is too low |
| pancreas | organ that secretes insulin and glucagon |
| nervous system and endocrine system | two systems that your body relies on for homeostasis |
