| A | B |
|---|
| genetics | Study of or science of heredity/inheritance |
| Geneticist | Scientist who specializes in genetics |
| Trait | A genetically controlled/determined characteristic of an organism |
| Heredity or inheritance | The passing on of trait(s) from parent to offspring |
| Chromosomes | Thread-like structures in a cell’s nucleus that contains DNA and genes |
| Gene | A section of DNA or portion of a chromosome that codes for or controls a trait |
| DNA | Basic unit of a chromosome that codes for the traits of an organism |
| Pure | An organism containing the same or similar genes for a particular trait(s) |
| Hybrid | An organism that contains different or contrasting genes for a particular trait(s) |
| Phenotype | The outward appearance or physical description of an organism’s genes. Ex: tongue roller, non-roller, blue eyes… |
| Genotype | A description of the genes contained within an organism. Ex: TT, Tt, or tt… [Homozygous or heterozygous] |
| Dominant | A stronger or more powerful gene |
| Recessive | A weaker gene that can be masked by the dominant gene. |
| Homozygous | A genotype or condition in which the genes are the same for a trait |
| Heterozygous | A genotype or condition in which the genes are different for a trait |
| P1 generation | Parental generation |
| F2 generation | Second Filial generation. [Offspring of the F1 generation.] |
| Punnett square | A grid system to predict/perform genetic crosses. |
| Egg or ovum | Female sex cell or gamete |
| Fertilization | Process by which a sperm joins with [fertilizes] an egg.Process by which male and female sex cells combine |
| Zygote or fertilized egg | Results when a sperm and egg combine |
