| A | B |
|---|
| Which colony was established by a joint-stock company for economic reasons? | Virginia |
| Which colony was established by the religious dissenters called the Puritans? | Massachusetts |
| Which colony was established by the religious dissenters called the Quakers? | Pennsylvania |
| Which colonies had a geography that resulted in the development of an economy based on plantation agriculture? | Southern colonies |
| Which economic system made the British colonies part of a triangular trade route for economic growth? | mercantilism |
| What was the first colonial legislature to be established in the British colonies? | House of Burgesses |
| What document established self-government for the Pilgrims? | Mayflower Compact |
| Social contract theory and natural law are theories about government developed by which English philosopher? | John Locke |
| Prior to the French and Indian war, what term described the British policy of allowing colonies to govern their own day-to-day affairs? | salutary neglect |
| After the French and Indian War, which act levied the first-ever direct tax on the colonies? | Stamp Act |
| Protests against the Quartering Act resulted in British troops firing on protestors in which historical event? | Boston Massacre |
| Which historical event involved a protest by the Sons of Liberty against the Tea Act? | Boston Tea party |
| Which acts were passed by Parliament to try to regain control over the colonists in Boston, Massachusetts? | Coercive or "Intolerable" Acts |
| Which historical event is known as “the shot heard ‘round the world”? | Lexington & Concord |
| What was the primary cause of the American Revolution? | taxation without representation |
| What did Thomas Paine’s Common Sense urge colonists to do? | declare independence from Britain |
| Which document described American political beliefs and listed the reasons for breaking away from Great Britain? | Declaration of Independence (1776) |
| Which document established the national government of the United States after the Revolutionary War? | Articles of Confederation |
| Which historical event demonstrated the need to establish a stronger national government? | Shays rebellion |
| Which plan resulted in the creation of a bicameral Congress for our legislative branch? | Great Compromise/Connecticut plan |
| Which political group supported the ratification of the Constitution? | Federalists |
| Which political group opposed the Constitution because it didn’t have a Bill of Rights? | Anti-Federalists |
| What was the name of the essays that were written to gain support for ratification of the Constituton? | Federalist papers |
| What form of government allows the people to choose representatives who will make and enforce the laws? | republic or representative democracy |
| What features of the U.S. Constitution limit the power of government? | separation of powers and checks & balances |
| At the Constitutional Convention, which plan favored a new government with representation based on population? | Virginia plan |
| At the Constitutional Convention, which plan favored a government with equal representation for each state? | New Jersey plan |
| In which form of government features one-person or one-party rule? | dictatorship |
| Which form of government features a king or a queen? | monarchy |
| Which part of the U.S. constitution protects personal freedoms such as expression, right to bear arms, and rights of the accused? | Bill of Rights |
| Which constitutional principle is reflected in the Preamble when it says "We the people...do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America"? | popular sovereignty |
| Which constitutional principle divides powers between the different branches of government? | separation of powers |
| Which branch of government makes laws? | legislative (U.S. Congress) |
| What constitutional principle enables one branch to counteract the powers of another branch? | checks & balances |
| Which branch of government enforces or carries out the law? | executive (President and executive agencies) |
| Which branch of government interprets the law? | judicial (Supreme Court and lower federal courts) |
| What constitutional principle enables the Supreme Court to strike down a law or government action that it has determined to be unconstitutional? | judicial review |
| Which landmark court case established the principle of judicial review? | Marbury v. Madison |
| What powers are specifically delegated to Congress in Article I, Sec. 8 of the Constitution? | enumerated powers |
| What powers are delegated to Congress by the “necessary and proper” or "elastic" clause? | implied powers |
| What are the powers called that the Constitution gives only to the national government? | delegated powers |
| According to the 10th Amendment, who do the reserved powers belong to? | the states |
| Which clause in the U.S. Constitution makes the national government and all laws made under it the "supreme law of the land"? | the supremacy clause |
| Which clause in the U.S. Constitution requires each state to honor any public acts, records, or legal contracts that are made in another state? | "full faith and credit" |
| Which non-legislative power enables the House of Representatives to bring charges against the president for "high crimes or misdemeanors"? | impeachment |
| Which power gives an executive such as the president or a governor the authority to officially forgive an individual for a crime? | pardon |
| Which constitutional protection limits government by preventing people from being jailed without charge? | writ of habeus corpus |
| Which "power denied" limits government from punishing a person without due process? | bill of attainder |
| Which "denied power" limits government from passing an act to punish someone retroactively | ex post facto |
| Which power of the president can be used to forbid a bill passed by Congress? | veto |
| Who is the presiding officer that leads the House of Representatives? | Speaker of the House |
| Which elected official acts as the "president of the Senate"? | Vice-president |
| Who is the presiding officer on a day-to-day basis in the Senate when the "president of the Senate" is absent? | president pro tempore |
| Which two legislative bodies make up the U.S. Congress? | the House of Representatives and the Senate |
| What is the most basic function of the U.S. Congress? | to make laws |
| Which leaders are elected by the political parties in each house of Congress to maintain party unity and achieve their political goals? | majority and minority leaders |
| What is the name of the process used to distribute legislative seats in Congress amongst the states? | apportionment |
| What power can the president use to instruct a government agency how to carry out a law? | executive order |
| Which power refers to the president's ability to direct the nation's armed forces? | commander-in-chief |
| Which power refers to the president's authority to carry out the law | chief executive |
| Which power refers to the president's image as the leader of our nation? | head-of-state |
| Who is the next-in-line to the president in the order of presidential succession? | Vice-president |
| What is the term-limit for the president of the United States? | two |
| How long is the term for a member of the House of Representatives? | two years |
| How long is the term for a member of the Senate? | six years |
| How long is the term in office for the president of the United States? | four years |
| How many U.S. Senators does each state have in Congress? | two |
| On what basis are seats in the U.S. House of Representatives allocated to the states? | population |
| How can the Constitution be changed? | amendment process |
| How are amendments to the U.S. Constituion normally proposed? | passage by a 2/3 majority in each house of Congress |
| How are amendments to the U.S. Constitution normally ratified? | by a majority vote in 3/4 of the state legislatures |
| Which constitutional principle divides powers between the national government and the states? | federalism |
| What freedoms are guaranteed by the 1st Amendment? | expression (speech), the press, assembly, religion, petition |
| Which freedom is protected by the principle of “separation of church and state”? | religious freedom |
| What right is protected by the 2nd Amendment? | right to bear arms |
| What freedom is protected by the 4th Amendment? | no unreasonable searches and seizures |
| What rights for the accused are guaranteed by due process in the 5th Amendment? | no double jeopardy, right to remain silent, indictment by grand jury |
| What features of the 6th Amendment protect the rights of the accused? | right to an attorney and trial by jury |
| Which Amendment guarantees “equal protection” under the law? | Fourteenth Amendment |
| Which court case upheld the implied power of Congress to use the elastic clause to create a national bank? | McCullough v. Maryland |
| Which court case upheld the principle of "separate but equal"? | Plessy v. Ferguson |
| Which court case overturned the principle of “separate but equal” by declaring that segregation in schools was unconstitutional? | Brown v. Board of Education |
| Which court case protected affirmative action programs? | Bakke v. Regents of the University of California |
| Which constitutional issue was involved in the case of New Jersey v. T.L.O.? | searches and seizures |
| Which court case protected students' freedom of expression to wear armbands in protest against the Vietnam War? | Tinker v. DesMoines |
| What was banned by the decision in the case of Engle v. Vitale? | official prayer in public schools |
| Which Supreme Court ruling established the exclusionary rule in criminal court proceedings? | Mapp v. Ohio |
| Which court case expanded the rights of criminal suspects by requiring law enforcement officers to inform them of their rights? | Miranda v. Arizona |
| Which court case protected the rights of juvenile suspects under the age of 18? | In re Gault |
| What court case confirmed that the right to an attorney is guaranteed by the 6th Amendment? | Gideon v. Wainwright |
| Which court case protected flag-burning as a 1st Amendment freedom of expression? | Texas v. Johnson |
| Which federal government agencies have the duty of controlling crime? | Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA); Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF) |
| Which federal government agencies have the duty of protecting national security? | Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Department of Homeland Security |
| Which federal government agency oversees the nation's highway system? | Department of Transportation (DOT) |
| Which federal government agency enforces the nation's immigration policies? | U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services |
| Which federal government agency carries out policies to respond to natural disasters? | Federal Emergency Management Administration (FEMA) |
| Which federal government agencies provide research data on infectious diseases? | Center for Disease Control (CDC) |
| Which federal government agency provides population information so that legislative seats can be re-apportioned every ten years? | the Census |
| Which federal government agency is responsible for administering the nation's welfare programs? | Department of Health and Human Services |
| Which government agency collects taxes for the federal government? | Internal Revenue Service (IRS) |
| Which part of the NC Constitution protects the individual liberties of citizens? | Declaration of Rights |
| In which court case did the North Carolina Supreme Court rule that the right to public education is guaranteed by the NC Constitution? | Leandro v. North Carolina |
| What does the North Carolina General Assembly do? | make the state's laws, set the state budget |
| Who is the president of the Senate in the NC General Assembly? | Lieutenant Governor |
| In the NC General Assembly, who is the presiding officer in the House? | Speaker of the House |
| What are the duties of the governor? | carry out the state laws, propose a budget, appoint state officials |
| In the state of North Carolina, which executive body is appointed by the governor to serve as his advisors and department heads? | cabinet |
| In the state of North Carolina, which executive body is elected by the people to serve as department heads? | council of state |
| Which state government official is elected to oversee law enforcement in North Carolina? | attorney general |
| Which state government agency is responsible of collecting taxes in North Carolina? | Department of Revenue |
| What is the primary source of revenue for the state of North Carolina? | state income taxes |
| What type of tax do counties and municipalities in North Carolina rely on for most of their revenue? | property tax |
| What is it called when the state or local governments acquire a grant of money from the federal government? | intergovernmental revenue or "grant-in-aid" |
| What public services do state and local governments spend the largest portion of their budget on? | education and health & human services (public welfare) |
| Who is responsible for providing emergency services in the case of a natural disaster or fire? | Emergency services (EMS), local law enforcement and fire department |
| Who is elected to adopt a budget, make ordinances, and set local property tax rates for the county? | county board of commissioners |
| What is a local law called? | ordinance |
| Which public official is appointed to administer the county government? | county manager |
| What form of local government is most commonly used in North Carolina municipalities? | council-manager |
| Who is elected to adopt a budget and make ordinances for the city? | city council |
| Which public official is appointed to carry out the city council’s policies and oversee the operations of the city government? | city manager |
| What term is defined as “the rules for land use that are set by a local county or municipal government”? | zoning |
| What process enables a municipality to expand its territory? | annexation |
| Which body is elected to establish public schools, hire teachers, and set policies for the local school district? | Board of Education |
| Who sets the graduation requirements and curriculum standards for public schools in the state of North Carolina? | State Board of Education |
| Which tax used by state and local governments is regressive? | sales tax |
| How do state and local government borrow money to build large projects like schools and stadiums? | bonds |
| What process is used to approve of amendments to the N.C. Constitution and bond issues for funding schools and other public construction projects? | referendum |
| Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution extends due process rights to the citizens of a state? | Fourteenth Amendment |
| In the Fourteenth Amendment, which clause guarantees the civil rights of all citizens of a state? | "equal protection" clause |
