| A | B |
|---|
| ERYSPELAS | STREP-SPREADING ERYTHEMA |
| Puerperal | myometrial infection; life threatening |
| THROMBOXANE-SYNTHASE | TXA2 |
| PEYER’SPATCHES | para-aortic LP splanchnic mesoderm |
| HYPERALGESIS | PGE2 |
| PGD2 | MAST CELLS CYCLOOXYGENASE |
| retinoic acid | thymic aplaysia |
| LXA4/B4 | 5-HPETE 12-LIPOXYGENASE |
| LIPOTOXIN-A4/B4 | VASODL. MONOCT ADHESION |
| CYCLOOXYGENASE | AA PRSTAGLNDN G2 |
| CHEMOTAXIS | 5-HETE LEUKOTRIENE B4 |
| INTENSE-VASOCONSTRICTION-CYS | LTC4 |
| CRP-FIBRINOGEN | ACUTE-PHASE-UP REG.BY IL-6 |
| PALS | BASOPHILLIC |
| C-14α-DEMETHYLASE | FUNGAL P450 |
| C-14α-DEMETHYLASE | LANGOSTEROLERGOSTEROL |
| KETOCONAZOLE | INHIBITS AROMATASE |
| S- aureus | bridge is (Gly)5-D-Ala between lysines. |
| S- aureus | crosslinking catalyzed by a transpeptidase |
| Vancomycin | inh polymerztn or transglycosylase rxn |
| Vancomycin | D-alanyl-D-alanine tm of cw precursor &lipid carrier |
| Vancomycin | blocks linkage to the glycopeptide polymer. |
| Crosslinkng-transpeptidase-rxn | β-Lactam antibiotics inhibit |
| β-Lactam-antibiotics | cross-bridge w/stem ptd displacing D-ala/ adjacent chain |
| Amphotericin-B | forms pores in fungal cell membrane/binds ergosterol |
| Amphotericin-B | Sm. molecules like K+ esc cause death of the fungal cell |
| Macrolides | bacteriostatic/ rev. bind 50s |
| Erythromycin | macrolide/inhibits the translocation step |
| Tetracyclines | 30S blocks tRNA binds to A site |
| Liposomal-amphotericin-B | treatment of visceral leishmaniasis |
| Fluconazole/itraconazole/voriconazole | ergosterol synthesis |
| Capsofungin | 1-3β glucan synthase/cwall |
| 5-fluorocytosine | nucleic acid synthesis |
| 5-fluorocytosine | permease/cytosine deaminase |
| 5-fluo-specificity | humans lack Cytosine-deaminase humans lack |
| 5-fluo-resistance | fungal cw that lack permease |
| synergism | AmphotericinD+Fluocytosine |
| gag+gaglpol | virus specific poly protein |
| Penciclovir | varicella zoster |
| dihydropteroate-synthase | Sulfonamides compete w/PABA |
| dihydrofolate-reductase | trimethoprim |
| Terbinafine | langosterol synthesis |
| Coccidioides-immitus | ampho-B fluconazole |
| Histoplasma-capsulatum | CPD-ITRACONAZOLE |
| Histoplasma-capsulatum | dissmntd-ampho-B |
| Itraconazole | B dematatididis P.brasiliensis |
| IODIDE | S. schenckii cutaneous |
| Amphotericin-B | S. schenckii extracutaneous |
| Aspergillus-invasive | Voriconazole liposml ampho-B |
| c.neoformans-non-meningeal | n/a or ampho-B |
| c.neoformans-Meningitis | ampho-B +flucytosine |
| NRTI | INE:ZIDOVUD/DIDANOS/STAVUD |
| Protease-Inhibitors | AVIR:SAQUIN/TIPRAN/ATAZAN/LOPIN/RITO |
| rhGM-CSF(sargramostim) | bm trnsplt |
| rhG-CSF(filgastim) | tx cncr chemo neutropenia |
| Penciclovir | diacetyl esters/famciclovir hydrolyzed to form |
| Penciclovir | tx VZV inh viral DNA pol |
| Pre-B cell | cytoplasmic mu heavy chain and pre-B receptor |
| Activated B cell | Low rate Ig sec.; heavy chain isotype switching; affinity maturation |
| Antibody secreting cell | High rate Ig secretion; reduced membrane Ig |
| Binds macromolecules and small chemicals | Immunoglobulin (Ig) |
| Made up of three CDRs in V-alpha and three CDRs in V-beta | T cell receptor (TCR) |
| Binds peptide-MHC complexes | T cell receptor (TCR) |
| constant regions of the heavy chain that mediate effector functions | carboxy-terminal constant (C) regions of antibody heavy and light chains |
| variable regions that participate in antigen recognition | amino-terminal variable (V) regions of antibody heavy and light chains |
| HLA-DM | MHC-II |
| Polyclonal activators | anti-IgM antibodies for B cells, anti-CD3 abs, bacterial superantigens, PHA for T-cells |
| LTR | transcription of viral genome |
| integration viral DNA into host genome | LTR |
| LTR | binding site for host trans. fx |
| gag | nucleocapsid core, matrix proteins |
| pol | reverse transcript-,prote-,integr-, ribonucle-ase |
| env | viral coat proteins gp 120 gp41 |
| vif | fights host APOBEC3G enzyme |
| vpr | + viral rep.; infection of macs |
| tat | required for elongation |
| rev | nuclear export spliced viral RNA |
| vpu | viral release, downregulates CD4 |
| nef | downregulates CD4, MHC-I, viral release |
| Zeta-potential | net- charge on RBC due to sialic acid residues |
| Increased-sed-rate | acute inflammatory response (fibrinogen) |
| Increased-sed-rate | increased immunoglobulin synthesis |
| →AP-1 | MAP KINASES |
| →MAP-KINASES | Ras-GTP |
| →incr.Ca+2 | →calcineurin |
| →calcineurin | →NFAT |
| PLCγ1-activation | →DAG |
| →DAG | →PKC |
| →PKC | NF-κB |
| Cyclosporine-blocks | NF-AT activation |
| Steroids-inhibit | NF-κB and AP-1(Fos/Jun) |
| NF-AT | transcription factor req. for IL-2 gene |
| NF-κB | transcription factor req. for IL-2 gene |
| AP-1(Fos/Jun) | transcription factor req. for IL-2 gene |
| c-myc | gene req. for T cell activation |
| CD40L | gene req. for T cell activation |
| IL-2R | gene req. for T cell activation |
| TAP/LMP | LOCATED ON CHROMOSOME 6 |
| Clonal-selection | germinal follicle |
| Germinal-follicle | affinity maturation |
| CD44 | LEUKOCYTE HOMING |
| CD25 | IL-2 RECEPTOR |
| CD3 | PART OF TCR COMPLEX |
| Chromosome-14 | Heavy chain genes |
| Ig-κ | Chromosome 2 |
| Ig-λ | Chromosome 22 |
| SIALOMUCINS | GlyCAM-1 CD34 |
| CCL19 | produced by HEV |
| MadCAM | PEYER’S L-selectin ligand |
| pre-b | recomb Hc VDJ; µ mRNA |
| Immature-B | IgM; recmb Hc: κ γ (VJ) |
| Immature-B | negative selection |
| Mature-b | alternative splicing |
| TH1 | IL-18 IL-12 |
| TH2 | IL-4 IL-10 |
| RANTES | MIP-α/β bind CCR5 |
| TH1 | IFN-γ; tbet |
| TH1 | stat 4→IFN-γ ↑ th1 |
| IFN-γ | activates macrophages |
| activate-neutrophils | lymphotoxin & tnf |
| T-cell-amplification | ↑ B7 xprsn costims on MCH (B7) |
| Pro-B | CD43;CD19;CD10 |
| stemcell | CD43 |
| Pre-B | B220;CD43 |
| cyclosporine/tacrolimus | inhibits calcineurin phosphatase |
| decreased phophorylation of NFAT | cyclosporine/tacrolimus |
| sirolimus | blocks T-cell response to cytokines |
| calcineurin | key transcription for T-cells |
| pneumoccoci | capsule composed of polysaccharide polymers |
| impetigo | S. pyrogenes + trauma=alt M-protein |
| protein-F | attack langerhans cells |
| c3b | receptors for phagocytes |
| c3a | liberates mastc histamn; ^resp burst |
| Streptolysin-O | ASO titer; forms pores |
| Erysipelas | strep;dermis + dermal lymphatics |
| ARF | Mproteins;Ag/ab complexes activate C' |
| Streptococcus agalactiae | neonatal menningitis |
| Yersinia | protein capsule |
| Yersinia-pestis | Yops |
| Flagellates | giardia; trichomonas; leishmania |
| Promastigote | leishmaina within insects (slides) |
| Epimastigote | trypansisomes within insects |
| Trypomastigote | trypanosomes within mammalian host (slides) |
| Amastigotes | leischmania |
| Kala-azar | rodents/dog bite; greysish pigment;visceral leishmaniasis |
| A. TERREUS | OVAL/SPHERICAL ALEURIOCONIDIA |
| ASPERGILLUS | PAS GMS GRIDLEY FUNGAL STAIN |
| RESPIRATORY TRACT POA | P.JIROVECI |
| BRONCHOAVEOLAR LAVAGE | GMS-CYST WALL |
| GMS, GIEMSA, PAS, toluidine blue, calcofluor, immnofluor. | P.JIROVECI stains |
| granulomatous, polyps nasopharynx, conjuntiva | Rhinosporidiosis |
| endospores in graduated crecent form | zonal arrangment Rhinosporidiosis |
| Pythiosis Insidiosi | gran. leisions>arterial insuf.>infarct>aneurysim |
| P. insidiosum | necrotizing arteritis, thrombosis |
| Prothecosis | cutaneous,olecranon bursitis, disseminated |
| Prototeca | endosporulating algal morual cells |
| multiple keloid lesions | lobomycosis |
| Adiaspiromycosis | pulmonary infection/ inhalation of asexual conidia |
| emmonsia crescens | H&E three layers |
| Adiaspiromycosis | asymptomatic granulomas |
| Brucella | Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase |
| antiphagocytic | F1 protein capsule |
| Plague-enzymes | protease that activates plasminogen |
| basidiomycete | perfect state of Cryptococcus neoformans |
| Promastigotes | live within plebotomine sandfly |
| Espundia | Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis |
| FLU LIKE SYMPTOMS | INTERFUERONS, CYTOKINES |
| RESPIRATORY VIRUSES, ARBOVIRUSES | FLU LIKE SYMPTOMS |
| DTH/INFLAMMATION | TCELLS, MACS, PMNS |
| ENVELOPED VIRUSES | DTH/INFLAMMATION |
| SYNCYTIA FORMATION | VZV, PARAMYXOVIRUS, HSV, HIV |
| NEGRI BODIES | RABIES |
| COWDRY TYPE A | HSV, MEASLES |
| INTRACYTOPLASMIC ACIDOPHILIC | POXVIRUS |
| Respiratory transmission | Paramyxovirus |
| Respiratory transmission | VZV |
| Respiratory transmission | B19 |
| INDUCES INTERFEURON | dsRNA |
| CHRONIC VIRAL INFECTION MAY INDUCE | TYPE III HYPERSENSITIVITY |
| 5TH'SDISEASE | B19 IN BABIES |
| RUBEOLA RASH | 2' VIREMIA/ IMN. RESPONSE |
| FAS + FAS L | FADD CASPASE 8 |
| MULTIDOMAIN PRO-APOPTOSIS | BAX, BAK |
| CAD | CASPANSE ACTIVATED DNAse |
| MULTI-DOMAIN ANTI-APOPTOSIS | BCL-2 BCL-XL |
| NF-kB | STIMULATES ANTIAPOPTOSIS PROTEINS |
| CASPASE | CYS PROTESASE, CLEAVE AFTER ASP ACID |
| RIFAMPIN | MALARIA TB STAPH AUREUS |
| PENNICILINASE | BREAKS BETA LACTAM RING |
| TETRACYCLINE RESISTANCE | ANTI-EFFLUX PUMP |
| PLASMID MEDIATED RESISTANCE | ANTI-EFFLUX PUMP, DEGRAD ENZYMES |
| RIFAMPIN | inh. dna dep. rna pol |
| INFECTIVITY | TRANSMISSION/ATTACK RATE |
| VIRULENCE | #FATAL OR SEVERE/TOTAL |
| INCIDENCE | # NEW CASES/ TIME PERIOD |
| PREVALENCE | #CASES/POP AT RISK |
| KARION | RED=LIVE, MIDDLE=FLAKY |
| ANGIOPOIETIN 1 + TIE 2 | VESSEL BUILDING |
| ANGIOPOEITIN 2 + TIE 2 | VESSEL LOOSENING/PRUNING |
| PDGF | RECRUITS SMOOTH MUSCLE |
| THROMBOSPINDIN SPARC TENACIN C | BLAZE TRAIL FOR ANGIOGENESIS |
| PARS (PROTEASE ACTIVATED RECEPTORS) | GPCRS ON PLATELETS |
| PAR-1 + FACTOR IIa = ? | EXPRS. CAMS, COX-2, CHEMOKINES, PAR, PGs |
| STROMELYSISN | MMP-3 10-11 ACT ON PROTEOGLYCANS |
| GELATINASE | MMP2, 9 DEGRADE AMORPH. COLLAGEN, FNECTIN |
| MMP1 MMP2 MMP3 | CLEAVE FIBRILLAR COLLAGEN I II III |
| MMP | 180 RES ZINC PROTEASE DOMAIN |
| MMPS PRODUCED BY | MACS, PMNS, SYNOVIAL & EPITHELIALS CELLS |
| MMPS INHIBITED BY: | TGF-BETA, STERIODS |
| MMPS INDUCED BY | PGDF, FGF, IL-1, TNF, PHAGOCYTOSIS, PHYSICAL STRESS |
| ALPHA-ANTILTRYPSIN OR MACROGLOBULIN | SERUM ANTI-PROTEASE, PROTECTS TISSUE |
| CD2 | LFA-2 on activated T cells |
| CD3 | Signal Transduction of TCR |
| CD11 | 11a-LFA-1 integrin;11b-Mac-1 integrin/CR4; 11c-CR4 |
| CD16a | FcGammaRIIIA on NK and Macs |
| CD18 | Beta chain of LFA-1/CD11a |
| CD19 | B4-Pro-B stage/Co-receptor w/ CD21-B cell diff. activation; development |
| CD21 | EBV receptor |
| CD23 | Mature B cell |
| CD25 | IL-2R Pro-Pre T cell |
| CD28 | Co-stim. Receptor for B7-1 and -2 |
| CD35 | CR1/C3b receptor |
| CD43 | B stem cell and Pre-B |
| CD44 | binds hyaluronate in BM during leukocyte migration |
| CD44 | stem cell T-ProT |
| CD45 | thymic selection RO-T-mem RA-naïve T |
| CD80 | B7-1 |
| CD86 | B7-2 |
| CD95 | Fas |
| CD154 | CD40L |
| ICOS | on T cells-bind CD275 |
| IL-1 | pyrogen - mediator of acute phase response;activates IL-6 IL-2R IL-8 adhesion molecules |
| IL-2 | T cell proliferation (mainly CD4 in autocrine manner) activates IFN-gamma IL-6 NK cell growth |
| IL-3 | expansion of bone marrow progenitor cells |
| IL-5 | increases eosinophils B cell growth and differentiation IgE production (with IL-4) |
| IL-6 | mediatory of acute phase response activates B cell growth and differentiation increased by TNF & IL-1 |
| IL-7 | increases IL-2 IL-2R |
| IL-8 | chemoattractant and activator of neutrophils |
| IL-11 | increases IL-4 inhibits IFN-γ |
| IL-12 | increases IFN-γ major initator of TH1 response decreases TNF increases B cells and MHC II expression |
| IL-13 | inhibits inflammatory cytokines increases B cell growth |
| IL-14 | proliferation of ACTIVE B cells |
| IL-15 | T cell proliferation activation of NKs B cells and essential for prolonged inflammation; maintains MEMORY cells |
| IL-16 | chemotaxis of CD4+ T cells and eosinophils |
| IL-17 | maintains inflammation increases IL-6 |
| IL-18 | increases IFN-gamma T cell proliferation activates NK cells |
| IL-23 | similar to IL-12 but has actions on memory T cells and IL-12 |
| TNF-α | pyrogen;leading to inflammation causes release of IL-1 IL-6 and IL-8 from MΦ |
| TNF-β | not inflammatory;maintains architecture of secondary lymphoid organs |
| IFN-γ | activates mononuclear phag. increases MHC I II increased CAMs activates NK cells and neutrophils increases IL-12R on TH1s |
| IFN-α | all cells: initiates antiviral state increases MHC I expression |
| IFN-β | NK cells: activation |
| GM-CSF | increases production of granulocytes and monocytes in marrow |
| G-CSF | increases production of granulocytes especially neutrophils |
| M-CSF | acts locally to turn precursor cells into monocytes |
| TGF-α | activates epithelial and mesenchymal growth |
| TGF-β | has both activation and inhibitory effects --> inhibits T cell growth CTL activation and macrophage activation |
| hereditary angioneurotic edema | C1INH DEFICIENCY; INCREASED FORMATION OF BRADYKININ |
| PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL HEMOGLOBINURIA | PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL MUTATION; COMPLEMENT OVERACTIVATION |
| C3 DEFICIENCY | FATAL SUSCEPTIBILTY TO INFECTIONS |
| C2 C4 | SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOUS |
| NO MAC FORMATION | NEISSERIA INFECTIONS DEFICIENCIES IN LATE COMPONENTS OF COMPLEMENT |
| LAD-1 | BETA-CHAIN OF CD11/CD18 INTEGRINS |
| LAD-2 | SELECTIN RECEPTOR NOT SYNTHESIZED; SIAYLATED/FUCOSYL TRANS. |
| CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE | X-LINKED DECREASED OXIDATIVE BURST; NADPH OXIDASE MEMBRANE |
| CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS DISEASE | (AR) DECREASED OXIDATIVE BURST; NADPH OXIDASE CYTOPLASMIC |
| MYELOPEROXIDASE DEFICIENCY | ABSENT MPO-H2O2 SYSTEM |
| CHEDIAK-HIGASHI SYNDROME | PYOGENIC BAC. LYST MUTATION |
| Anhidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia with Immunodeficiency (EDA-ID) X-LINKEd | malformation of ectoderm-derived is; IKKγ mutation; encap. |
| (EDA-ID) (AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE) | IκBα – impaired NF-κB activation; recurrent infection |
| SCID- AR forms | low T/Ig; defect in cytokines;Mutations in IL-2Rα chain; IL-7Rα chain;and/or JAK3 |
| X-linked SCID | LOW T/Ig; defect in cytokines;γ chain mutations;Defective T cell w/o IL-7 |
| ADA Deficiency | BAD NUCLEOTIDE Salvage; TOXIN ACCULM |
| PNP Deficiency | defect nuc. Salvage; toxic acculm./lymphocytes |
| RAG1/RAG2 Deficiency | DEFECTIVE CLEAVAGE V(D)J recomb; |
| ARTEMIS Defect | UNRES. HAIRPIN IN V(D)J recomb; Mut. ARTEMIS; low/ab/def t/b/ig |
| Defective pre-TCR Checkpoint | low T Ig; SCID: def.thymus dev.;MUTANTCD45/CD3δ/CD3ε/Orai1 |
| Defective pre-TCR Checkpoint | low T Ig; SCID: def.thymus dev.;MUTANTCD45/CD3δ/CD3ε/Orai1 |
| DiGeorge Syndrome | def thymus dev.; 22q11 deletion; T-box-1(TBX1) mutations |
| SYSTEMIC LUPUS E. | DNA/NUCLEOPROTEINANTIGEN |
| POLYARTERITIS NODOSA | HEP. B VIRUS SURFACE ANTIGEN |
| POSTSTREP GLOMERULONEPHRITIS | M-protein ab-antigen complex |
| CHRONIC DTH | FIBROSIS |
| T1D | MACS AND LYMPHOCYTES IN ISLETS |
| T1D | ANTIGEN: GLUTAMIC ACID DECARB., INSULIN |
| MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS | MYELIN BASIC PROTEIN |
| R.A. | TNF ANTAGONIST BENEFICAIL TX |
| RHEMATOID ARTHRITIS | SYNOVIAL JOINT ANTIGEN |
| IBS,ULCERATIVE COLITIS | ANTIGEN: INTESTINAL FLORA |
| GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME | P2 OF PERIPHERAL NERVE MYELIN |
| A.I. NEPHROCARDITIS | ANTIGEN:MYOCARDIAL PROTEINS |
| CONTACT SENSITIVITY | NEOANTIGEN= ANTIGEN + SELF-PROTEIN |
| IBS | NOD2 MUTATION |
| PRE-TCR CHECKPOINT | DEFECTIVE THYMUS |
| X-LINKED SCID | IL-2 GAMMA MUT NO JAK3 SIGNALS |
| AR SCID | IL-2,7 RALPHA AND JAK3 MUT |
| RETICULAR DYSGENESIS | LOW T, B & MYELOID CELLS |
| TLR/CD40 DEFECTS | IRAK2/NEMO/ RUIN NF-kB |
| LAD1 | BAC + FUNGAL, B2-CD18 INTEGRIN |
| AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA XLA | BTK, FAILED B MATURATION |
| ICF | DNMT3B, HYPOGAMMAGLOBULIN |
| CVID | ICOS,TACI, HYPOGAMAGLOBULIN |
| HYPER IgM | CD40, LOW WBC ACTIVATION |
| HYPER IgM | NO SOMATIC RECOMB. OR CLASS SWITCHING |
| AR AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA | PRE-B CHECK POINT BLNK, IgALPHA |
| COMMON GAMMA CHAIN MUT. | X LINKED SCID |
| erythema infectiosum | ssDNA |
| PROTEIN-CAL. MALNUTRITION | IMPAIRED LYMPHOCYTES |
| vzv | enveloped ds DNA |
| rosela infantum | herpes 6, enveloped ds DNA |
| TRANSPLANTS, AI DISEASE | DEC. LYMPHCYT ACTIVATION |
| rubella | enveloped + ssRNA, german measles |
| BARE LYMPHOCYTE SYN. | DEFECTIVE MHC EXPRESSION |
| MHC CLASS I DEFICIENCY | TAP1, 2 MUT;REDUCED CD8+ |
| PROXIMAL TCR SIGNAL DEFECTS | CD3,45 MUT; CMI, TdHI DEFECTS |
| WISKOTT-ALDRICH | WASP, CYTOKINESIS DEFECT |
| PERFORIN DEFICIENCY | UNCONTRL. MAC & CTL ACTIVATION |
| GRANULE FUSION DEFECTS | BAD CYTOTOX GRAN. EXOCYTOSIS |
| XL LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE SYND. | EBV INDUCED B-CELL, SAP GENE |
| pemphigus vulgaris | AB med. proteolysis of cadherin |
| AI hemolytic anemia | opsonin & phagocytosis of rbc |
| AI thrombocytopenic purpura | opsonin+ phagocytosis/platelets |
| CONGENITAL CMV | HEPATOSPLENAMEGALY |
| RUBELLA VIRUS TERATOGEN | HEPATOSPLENOMEGALY |
| 6TH WEEK | LIVER RBC WBC |
| 10TH WEEK | SPLEEN RBC WBC |
| 12TH WEEK | BONE MARROW RBC WBC |
| HOFBAUER CELLS | 2' YOLK SAC EXTA EMBRY. SPLAN. MES |
| TAP | ER TRANSPORT MHC-II PATH |
| PARVO | ssDNA (neg) |
| herpes | dsDNA (linear) |
| NA-neuraminidase | cleaves neuraminic acid in mucin |
| HA-hemagglutinin | binds sialic acid res. |
| paramyxo | (-)ssRNA |
| toga | (+) ssRNA |
| rifampin/rifabutin | TB/ STAPH AUREUS/ LEGIONELLA |
| TERBINAFINE | INHIBIT ERGOSTEROL SYNTHESIS |
| C3d + CR2/CD21 | INCREASE PLCy2 |
| BAFF/BLys APRIL | BCELL SURVIVAL |
| TGF-BETA | IgA |
| IFN-y | IgG |
| IL-4 | IgE |
| AID | CRITICAL FOR ISOTYPE SWITCHING |
| CD32 FcyRIIB- ITIM | IgG NEGATIVE FEEDBACK |
| CD22 | DEPHOSPHORYLATES ITAMS |
| BLIMP | PLASMA CELLS |
| FDCS | CR1 CR2 CR3 & Fc |
| FOX P3 | TRNSCRPT. FX REQ FOR REG T |
| URIC ACID | FREE RADICAL TRAPPING IN PLASMA |
| MELATONIN | RADICAL SCAVENGER |
| FLAVINOIDS | INHIBIT XANTHINE OXIDASE |
| SOD | CYTOSOL, MITOC., ECM |
| CATALASE | PEROXISOMES; LIVER, KIDNEY |
| GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE | CONTRIBUTE TO DIET REQ SELENIUM |
| GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE | GSSG->2GSH NADPH COFACTOR |
| LIPID PEROXIDATION | CYSTEINE SULFHYDRYL GROUPS |
| LUTEIN/CAROTENOIDS | MACULA/ OXY-RING SUBSTITUENTS |
| VIT E DEFICIENCY | NEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOMS |
| DONATES ELECTRONS TO RED. VIT E | ASCORBIC ACID |
| SOCS | INHIBITS FURTHER STAT ACTIVATION |
| SHIP-1 | JAK2 OVERACTIVE/ INCR % RBCS |
| PIAS | INACTIVTES STAT @ DIMERIZATION |
| RTK SIGNAL TERMINATION | CBL CATALYZES UBIQUITINATION |
| Ras-GAP | NF1- NEUROFIBROMATOSIS |
| GEF | STIMULATE DISOSC. OF BOUND GDP |
| GDI | KEEP GDP BOUND AND GPROTEIN ACTIVE |
| PAPs | PROVIDES "ACTIVE SULFATE" FOR PROTEOGLYCANS |
| ENDOGLYCOSIDASE | CLEAVE CHAINS TO SHORTEN |
| EXOGLYCOSIDASE | REMOVE SUGARS ONE AT ATIME FROM REDUCING ENDS |
| EVERY 3RD AA OF COLLAGEN IS | GLYCINE |
| GLY-X-Y | Y=PROLINE/HYDROXYPROLINE |
| HYDROXYLYSINE | GALACTOSE GLUCOSE ATTACHMENTS |
| VALINE, PROLINE, GLYCINE | HYDROPHOBIC DOMAIN OF ELASTIN |
| LYSINE, ALANINE | HYDROPHILLIC DOMAIN OF ELASTIN |
| LYSYL OXIDASE | INITIATES CROSSLINKING |
| STRETCH POWERED BY | HYDROPHOBIC CONTRACTION |
| BLUE INSOLUBLE FORMAZAN PIGMENT | YELLOW TETRAZOLIUM REDUCED TO |
| CGD MUTATION (2/3) | PHOX 91 OF CYTB558 |
| LINOLEIC ACID-> AA | DESAT@ C6; ELONG x2; DESAT @C5 |
