| A | B |
|---|
| Block Grants | fiscal federalism where federal aid is given to the states with few strings attached |
| Categorical Grants | include project and formula grants and aim at assisting the states in areas such as health, income security, and education |
| Competitive federalism | aka "new federalism;" this approach stressed downsizing the federal gov't and more reliance on revenue sharing and grants |
| Cooperative federalism | developped during the New Deal; characterized by the federal government becoming more intrusive into what were traditionally state powers |
| Creative federalism | developped during the LBJ admin; placed a major responsibility on federally funded programs |
| Dual federalism | the earliest type of relationship established between the federal government and the states where federal government powers were defined as delegated and the state government powers were reserved |
| Fiscal federalism | a concept of federalism where funding is appropriated by the federal governmetn to the states with specific condidtions attached. Legislation can be in the form of mandates |
| Funded mandates | those regulations passed by Congress, or issued by regulatory agencies, to the states with federal funds to support them |
| layer cake federalism | federalism characterized by a national government exercising its power independently from state governments |
| Marble cake federalism | also known as cooperative federalism; is charcterized by the federal government becoming more intrusive |
| Unfunded mandates | those regulations passed by Congress, or issued by regulatory agencies, to the states without federal funds to support them |
