| A | B |
|---|
| How does Descartes prove that he is really distinct from his body? | I can conceive of myself existing without my body. If I can conceive of myself existing without my body, it is metaphysically possible for me to exist without my body. If it is possible for myself to exist from my body, then myself and my body must be really distinct from each other. Therefore... |
| How does Descartes explain the way he is still attached to his body, and the way(s) he and his body affect one another. | Minds are really distinct from bodies. Bodies interact with minds by saying "i'm hungry etc". Minds control bodies by moving them around. |
| How does the interaction problem present difficulties for substance dualism? | If SD is true, then some mental events cause physical events. All physical events have force and location and mental events cannot have force and location, mental mental events cannot cause physical events. |
| How does the problem of other minds present difficulties for SD? | If SD is true, then I have very little knowledge about you. It is not the case that I have very little knowledge about you. Therefore, SD is false |
| Descartes responses to problems | (interaction problem: minds control the body to do physical actions) (other minds: God is not a deceiver and would not do that to us) |
| Physicalism | The position that everything can be explained by their physical qualities. |
| Retentivism | retain talk about the mind, mental thoughts |
| Eliminativism | get rid of talk about the mind in the same way we got rid of talk about demons |
| Reductionism | to reduce talks about mental states into their physical states |
| Mind-body Identity theory | and given mental stat is identical to some physical state, P. Minds are brains. |
| Casual Closure of the Physical Domain | all physical effects can be ultimately reduced to physical causes |
| Behaviorism | mental expressions are abbreviations for actual or potential behaviors (mental statements: I'm tired). Abbreviations for how we behave |
| Verification Conditions | shows me if something is true or false. ex. I have a bug in my hand. it's VC would be If I open my hand you will see it |
| Aristotle's definition of a soul | the primary act of a natural bodily organism. |
