| A | B |
|---|
| heredity | passing of traits from parent to offspring |
| allele | different forms of a gene for a trait |
| genetics | the study of how traits are inherited |
| dominant | the form of a trait that is stronger than the other |
| recessive | the form of a trait that seems to disappear |
| Punnett Square | a tool used to predict genetic results |
| genotype | the genetic makeup for a trait TT, Tt, tt |
| homozygous | two alleles that are exactly the same |
| heterozygous | two different alleles for a trait |
| phenotype | the physical appearance; brown, blue |
| G. Mendel | Father of Genetics, studied pea plants |
| incomplete dominance | the production of a phenotype that is between the two parents: red and white: pink |
| multiple alleles | a trait that is controlled by more than two alleles: blood type |
| polygenic inheritance | When more than one set a genes contributes to a trait: fingerprints, eyecolor |
| sex-linked gene or trait | an allele inherited on a sex chromosome: color blindness, hemophilia |
| pedigree | a tool for tracing the occurrence of a trait in a family |
| genetic engineering | biological and chemical methods to change a cell's DNA sequence |
| genome | chart showing individual genes on a chromosome |
| male genotype | XY |
| female genotype | XX |
| sickle cell anemia | disease that causes red blood cells to change shape |
| A capital letter in a punnett square | represents a dominant allele |
| a lower case letter in a punnett square | represents a recessive allele |
| Hemophilia results from | alleles on the X chromosome |
| genome | a map of all genes for an organism |
| Down's Syndrome | when a person is born with an extra chromosome 21 |
