| A | B |
|---|
| Lacrimal glands | tears empty into nasal cavity |
| Conjunctiva | thin membrane lines eyelids |
| Sclera | Outer layer of the eye, which is the white of the eye |
| Extrinsic muscles | responsible for moving eye attached to sclera |
| Cornea | Front of sclera (clear part) no blood vessels, transparent so light rays can pass through |
| Choroid coat | Middle layer, contains blood vessels, opening in front is pupil |
| Iris | Colored, muscular layer surrounding pupil |
| Intrinsic muscles | change size of iris to control amount of light entering through pupil |
| Len | Crystalline structure located behind iris and pupil, situated betwseen the anterior and posterior chambers |
| Anterior Chamber | filled with aqueous humor |
| Posterior Chamber | filled with vitreous humor |
| Retina | Innermost layer |
| Rods | sensitive to dim light |
| Cones | sensitive to bright light and color |
| Optic disc | on retina, known as blind spot, nerve fibers that form optic nerve |
| Pupil constriction | pupil gets smaller in bright light |
| Pupil dilation | pupil gets larger in dark light |
| Accommodation | change in the shape of the lens to allow for near and distant vision |
| Pinna | auricle, visible ear that collects sound waves |
| External auditory canal | ear canal |
| Cerumen | ear wax, protects the ear |
| Tympanic membrane | ear drum, separates outer and middle ear |
| Middle ear | cavity in temporal bone that connects with pharynx by Eustachian tube |
| Eustachian tube | equalizes pressure in the middle ear with outside atmosphere |
| Hammer | malleus |
| Anvil | incus |
| Stirrup | stapes |
| Cochlea | spiral shaped organ of hearing, contains a membranous tube |
| Cochlear duct | filled with fluid that vibrates when sound waves are transmitted by the stapes |
| Organ of Corti | delicate hairlike cells that pick up vibrations of fluid and transmit them as a sensory impulse along the auditory nerve to the brain |
| Semicircular canals | three structures in inner ear that contain liquid set in motion by head and body movements |
| Tongue | Mass of muscle tissue with bumps on surface called papillae |
| Taste buds | Papillae on the tongue |
| Conjunctivitis- | Pink eye, inflammation of conjunctival membranes in front of eye |
| Glaucoma | Excessive intraocular pressure causing destruction of the retina and atrophy of the optic nerve, caused by the overproduction of aqueous humor, lack of drainage, or aging |
| tonometer | measures intraocular pressure |
| Cataracts | Lens of eye gradually becomes cloudy |
| Sty | hordeolum, abscess at the base of an eyelash in sebaceous gland |
| Presbyopia- | Lens loses elasticity, cant focus on close or distant objects, usually after age 40 |
| Hyperopia | Farsighted, Focal point beyond retina, eyeball too short |
| Myopia | Nearsighted, eyeball too long |
| Astigmatism | Irregular curvature of the cornea or lens, causing blurred vision or eye strain |
| Diplopia | double vision |
| Strabismus | cross-eyed |
| Ophthalmoscope | instrument for viewing inside the eye |
| Snellen eye chart | chart that uses letters or symbols in calibrated heights to check for vision defects |
| Tinnitus | ringing in ears |
| Otitis Media | Infection of middle ear |
| Myringotomy | tubes inserted through tympanic membrane to relieve pressure |
| Otosclerosis | Chronic , progressive middle ear disorder in which the stapes becomes spongy and then hardens, becoming fixed and immobile |
| Conductive hearing loss | sounds prevented from reaching inner ear |
| Sensorineural hearing loss | problem with inner ear and auditory nerve |
| Rhinitis | Inflammation of lining of nose with congestion, drainage |
| olfactory | nerve stimulated when smelling |
