| A | B |
|---|
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | territory divided into two parts; fight over slavery ensues |
| Compromise of 1850 | California as free state for North, tougher Fugitive Slave Laws for South |
| John Brown | Leader of anti-slavery forces in Kansas and later at Harpers Ferry, Va |
| Dred Scott v. Sanford, 1857 | ruling said slaves considered property – cannot sue for freedom |
| Harriet Beecher Stowe | author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin |
| Secession | to break away from the Union; South does this after Election of 1860 |
| Vicksburg | divides South into two parts; North gains control of Mississippi River |
| Gettysburg | Turning point of the war; Lincoln’s famous address follows |
| Anaconda Plan | Northern battle strategy- blockade, control Miss R. & capture Richmond |
| Copperheads | Northerners who show sympathy/support for the South |
| Emancipation Proclamation | frees slaves in all rebelling states; keeps G.Britain from entering the war |
| Radical Republicans | group who wanted to punish South for the Civil War |
| Thaddeus Stevens | Leader of the Radical Republicans |
| Andrew Johnson | President who fought with Congress – was impeached but not removed |
| Compromise of 1877 | Rutherford B. Hayes becomes President; formally ends Reconstruction |
| Scalawag | Southerner who supports Northern/Republican ideas |
| Carpetbagger | Northerner who comes South after war for profit/politics |
| Black Codes | laws after Civil War to keep former slaves from gaining power |
| Ku Klux Klan | racist group who terrorized blacks after war |
| Sharecroppers | occupation of many former slaves and poor whites after the Civil War |
| 13th Amendment | formally frees all slaves in the United States |
| 14th Amendment | “equal protection under the law” |
| 15th Amendment | black males given the right to vote |
| Tenure of Office Act | Johnson is accused of violating this – leads to impeachment |
| Antietam | bloodiest single day of fighting; preliminary Emancipation Proc issued |
| Harriet Tubman | Leader of the Underground Railroad |
| Brooks-Sumner Incident | fight over slavery that takes place in Congress; involved a cane |
| Writ of Habeas Corpus | Lincoln arrests/imprisons those speaking against the war |
| Freedman’s Bureau | Began by Lincoln to help former slaves after Civil War |
| Sherman’s March | total warfare; leads to Lincoln’s re-election in 1864 |
