| A | B |
|---|
| Mormons | Joseph Smith & Brigham Young; moved west for religious toleration |
| Frederick Jackson Turner | officially proclaimed that the American Frontier was closed |
| Morril Land Grant Act | gave land to states, states sold land, built colleges |
| Oklahoma Land Rush | Sooners rushed in to get last free land |
| Dawes Severalty Act | Native Americans got 160 acres; forced assimilation on Natives |
| Chief Joseph | ‘from where the sun now stands, I shall fight no more forever’ |
| Battle of Little Big Horn | Custer was defeated at this battle; only victory for Native Americans |
| Wounded Knee | last Native American resistance; hundreds of Native killed |
| Helen Hunt Jackson | wrote ‘A Century of Dishonor” |
| Soddies | homes built on the plains using limited resources (dirt squares) |
| Transcontinental railroad | Completed at Promontory Point; built by Irish and Chinese immigrants |
| The Grange | organized by Oliver Kelley; fought for rights of farmers |
| Omaha Platform | Populist party beliefs and goals; created in 1892 |
| Interstate Commerce Act | law developed to regulated railroad rates |
| William Jennings Bryan | ran for president as a populist and democrat 1892 & 1896 |
| Cross of Gold | speech given by WJ Bryan; advocated bimetallism (gold and silver money) |
| barbed wire | invented by Joseph Glidden; closed the open range |
| refrigerator car | made possible the transport of produce across county |
| steel plow | invented by John Deere; made settlement on the prairie possible |
| Populist Party | political party of farmers to voice their opinions |
| Sitting Bull | Native leader; participated in Little Bighorn against Custer |
| Buffalo Soldiers | African American cavalry; fought Indians |
| Munn v. Illinois | Granger case; allowed states to regulate railroad rates |
| Wabash v. Illinois | Granger case; said states could NOT regulate railroad rates |
| Homestead Act | 160 acres of land to white settlers; much of the land was speculated |
