| A | B |
|---|
| 13TH AMENDMENT | slavery was abolished permanently in the United States |
| 14TH AMENDMENT | States were prohibited from denying equal rights under the law to any American |
| 15TH AMENDMENT | Voting rights were guaranteed regardless of race (to former slaves) |
| 17TH AMENDMENT | Provided for the direct election of senators to reduce corruption |
| 19TH AMENDMENT | Gave women the right to vote |
| MAYFLOWER COMPACT | Established the "covenant community" in the New England colonies and was a basic plan of democratic government |
| PROCLAMATION OF 1763 | British law which upset colonists as it prohibited settlement west of Appalachian Mts. after the French/Indian War |
| DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE | Justified the right of American Colonists to break from England and outlined the principles of the Social Contract. |
| TREATY OF ALLIANCE W/ FRANCE | Negotiated by Ben Franklin, this gave Americans the assistance they needed to win the Revolutionary War. |
| ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION | The first plan of Government for the U.S., it proved to be too weak to handle the needs of the nation. |
| VIRGINIA PLAN | Written by James Madison, this type of government would give states power in the government based on population. |
| CONSTITUTION | A written plan of government. |
| BILL OF RIGHTS | The first 10 amendments to the Constitution which guarantee certain protections and liberties to the people. |
| VIRGINIA DECLARATION OF RIGHTS | Written by George Mason, this outlined basic rights of people in Virginia and served as a model for the Bill of Rights |
| VIRGINIA STATUTE OF RELIGIOUS FREEDOM | This effectively separated church and state, and became a basic part of the 1st amendment |
| MONROE DOCTRINE | No more colonization in Americas, U.S. would be neutral in Europe, and Europe was "different" than Americas. |
| MISSOURI COMPROMISE | Temporarily solved the problem of slavery by drawing a slave line through the territories and balancing slave and free states. |
| COMPROMISE OF 1850 | California entered as a free state, popular sovereignty in western territories and strict fugitive slave laws |
| DRED SCOTT DECISION | Court decision ruled that black men, free or slave, were not citizens and that slavery could exist in "free" areas |
| FUGITIVE SLAVE ACT | Provided for the hunting down and capture of escaped slaves, even in the North |
| SENECA FALLS DECLARATION | Statement of women’s rights movement before the Civil War that demanded equality and the right to vote. |
| KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT | Repealed the Missouri Compromise by granting popular sovereignty in certain territories |
| EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION | Issued by Lincoln, this freed the slaves only in the areas of rebellion during the Civil War. |
| GETTYSBURG ADDRESS | Lincoln’s statement that the Civil War was about keeping the Union together, it was one nation. |
| COMPROMISE OF 1877 | Ending the Reconstruction Period, Republicans dropped reconstruction laws to gain the presidency for Hayes. |
| HOMESTEAD ACT | Encouraged westward migration by offering free public land for those who would live and farm that land |
| CHINESE EXCLUSION ACT | This law prohibited people from China from immigrating to the United States which shows anti-immigrant feelings. |
| IMMIGRATION RESTRICTION ACT OF 1921 | This law ended the greatest period of U.S. Immigration. |
| JIM CROW LAWS | Segregation laws in the South. |
| SQUARE DEAL | Theodore Roosevelt’s programs for progressive reforms |
| NEW FREEDOM | Woodrow Wilson’s programs for progressive reforms |
| SHERMAN ANTI-TRUST ACT | This law prevents any business structure that restrains trade (monopolies) |
| CLAYTON ANTI-TRUST ACT | This expanded the Sherman Act and outlawed price-fixing and exempted unions |
| OPEN DOOR POLICY | Demanded that all nations be given equal trading rights in China, to end the spheres of influence |
| DOLLAR DIPLOMACY | Taft’s plan to urge banks and business to invest in Latin America, then to use force to keep them safe |
| FOURTEEN POINTS | Wilson’s plan for a lasting peace after World War I, which included mandates and a League of Nations |
| TREATY OF VERSAILLES | This ended WW1 by punishing Germany, redrawing national boundaries and creating a League of Nations |
| HAWLEY-SMOOT TARIFF | Designed to protect American business, this law actually hurt exports as other nations retaliated- strangling world trade. |
| NEW DEAL | This set of programs worked to help Americans during the Great Depression, under FDR it expanded the power of government |
| MARSHALL PLAN | This economic program offered aid to rebuild Europe after WW2 and was a way to contain communism |
| TRUMAN DOCTRINE | This made containment of communism the guiding principle of American policies after WW2 |
| NATO | A collective security agreement to prevent the spread of communism in Europe |
| WARSAW PACT | A collective security agreement of the Soviet Union to provide a buffer zone with the West |
| VIETNAMIZATION | Nixon’s plan to return the fighting of the Vietnam War to the people of Vietnam so we could withdraw |
| CIVIL RIGHTS ACT OF 1964 | This law attempted to end discrimination in many areas of society, including jobs. |
| VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1965 | This law attempted to extend suffrage by making it more difficult to discriminate during voter registration |
| MARBURY V. MADISON | Court decision which established federal court power to declare laws unconstitutional (judicial review) |
| MCCULLOCH V. MARYLAND | Court decision which prohibited states from taxing agencies of the federal government |
| PLESSY V. FERGUSON | Court decision which stated "separate but equal" did NOT violate 14th amendment and upheld Jim Crow Laws |
| BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION | Court decision that segregated schools are unequal and must integrate |
| ARMS RACE | The active building of more weapons to become more powerful |
| MASSIVE RETALIATION | The threat of a counter-attack so severe as to deter the thought of attacking |
| CONTAINMENT | U.S. policy to stop the spread of communism, rather than attack and push it back |
| GIBBONS V. OGDEN | Commerce clause/government can regulate interstate trade |
| MIRANDA V. ARIZONA | Police must inform suspect of rights |
| HOMESTEAD ACT OF 1862 | Offered free land out west and encouraged westward settlement |
