| A | B |
|---|
| Thomas Jefferson | first secretary of state under Washington; Vice President under Adams; 3rd president of the U.S.; asked Congress to approve the Louisiana Purchase |
| Alexander Hamilton | first secretary of the treasury; set America on sound financial footing; killed in a duel with Aaron Burr |
| John Jay | first chief justice of the Supreme Court |
| Aaron Burr | Vice President of Jefferson; killed Alexander Hamilton in a duel |
| Federalists | a powerful and influential group that backed Alexander Hamilton; stood for loose construction of the Constitution |
| Democratic-Republicans | those who opposed Hamilton's programs and rallied around Thomas Jefferson; stood for strict construction of the Constitution |
| XYZ Affair | incident in which three French agents suggested that the French government might be willing to negotiate with an American peace commission if ceratin outrageous demands were met first |
| New York City | the nation's capital city in 1789 |
| Mount Vernon | the plantation home of George Washington |
| John Marshall | chief justice of the Supreme Court which set the precedent of judiciary review |
| Lewis and Clark | explored the northern half of the Louisiana territory for President Jefferson |
| Sacagawea | a Shoshoni squaw who served as an interpreter and guide for the Lewis and Clark expedition |
| James Madison | 4th president of the U.S.; led the nation through the War of 1812 |
| Frances Scott Key | penned the words to the Star-Spangled Banner |
| Andrew Jackson | defeated the British at the Battle of New Orleans |
| Louisiana Purchase | territory west of the Mississippi River purchased from France for $15 million in 1803 |
| Great Divide | separates the rivers flowing east toward the Atlantic from those flowing west toward the Pacific |
| Old Ironsides | a title the U.S.S. Constitution won as a result of her victories in the war on the high seas |
| Treaty of Ghent | ended the War of 1812 |
| Battle of New Orleans | the major battle fought after the War of 1812 was officially over |
