| A | B |
| Treaty | A written agreement between two or more governments or between two groups of people |
| Settlement | A place where people from elsewherecome to live, thus forming a village or town |
| Archipelago | A group of many islands |
| Port | A town with a harbour |
| Monopoly | In this chapter, it refers to the complete control of trade activities |
| Possession | Ownership of something |
| Sultanate | The area under the rule of a sultan |
| Sejarah Melayu | Malay Annals - the earliest Malay account of historical events |
| Singapura | Lion City |
| Artefacts | Objects that help us to understand how people lived in the past |
| Singapore Stone | A huge stone that once stood at the mouth of the Singapore River during the 12th or 13th century |
| Excavation | An operation carried out to uncover something under the earth by digging |