| A | B |
|---|
| pedigree | a chart or "family tree" that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait |
| genetic disorder | an abnormal condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes |
| amniocentesis | a procedure for testing an unborn baby for genetic disorders |
| karyotype | a picture of all the chromosomes in a cell; used to diagnose genetic disorders |
| mutation | a change in the DNA code that results in a change in a trait |
| sex-linked gene | a gene that is located on the X or Y chromosome |
| carrier | a person who is hybrid for a trait, "carrying" a gene that is not expressed |
| multiple alleles | a gene that has more than two alleles |
| selective breeding | the process of choosing the organims with the best traits to be the parents of the next generation |
| inbreeding | crossing individuals with similar traits |
| hybridization | crossing individuals with very different traits |
| cloning | producing an organism that is an exact genetic copy of another organism |
| genetic engineering | the transfer of a gene from one organism into a cell of another organism |
| gene therapy | the process of inserting a working copy of a gene into the cells of a person with a genetic disorder |
| DNA fingerprinting | using DNA to identify a person |
