| A | B |
| British Empire | A collection of colonies and former colonies of Britain. |
| colonies | Oversees territories gained through settlement or conquest. |
| imperialism | Empire-building, or the control of overseas territories. |
| dominions | Colonies with their own governments. |
| imperialists | Citizens with British roots who favoured closer ties with Britain. |
| nationalists | Citizens, especially French Canadians, who believed that Canada should be more independent. |
| continentalists | Citizens who believed Canada would be best off joining the United States. |
| Naval Service Bill | A bill introduced in January 1910 establishing the Royal Canadian Navy. |
| reciprocity | A free trade agreement with the United States. |
| National Policy | The placement of high trade tariffs, or taxes, on American goods. |