| A | B |
|---|
| earthquake | the shaking and trembling that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface |
| stress | a force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume |
| shearing | stress that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions |
| tension | stress that pulls on the crust, stretching rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle |
| compression | stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks |
| deformation | any change in the volume or shape of Earth's crust |
| fault | a break in Earth's crust where slabs of crust slip past each other |
| strike-slip fault | created by shearing, rocks on either side of the fault slip past each other sideways with little up-or-down motion |
| normal fault | caused by tension and the fault is at an angle, so one blcok of rock lies above the faul while the other block lies below the fault |
| reverse fault | cause by compression, has the same structure as a normal fault but the blocks move in opposite directions |
| fault-block mountain | formed when normal faults uplift a block of rock |
| folds | bends in rock that form when compression shortens and thickens part of Earth's crust |
| syncline | fold in rock that bends downward in the middle to form a bowl |
| anticline | a fold in rock that bends upward into an arch |
| plateaus | a large area of flat land elevated high above sea level |
