| A | B |
|---|
| binary fission | process by which bacteria divide |
| centromere | point at which two chromatids are attached |
| chromatids | identical halves of a chromosome |
| XY | male sex chromosomes |
| sperm | male sex cells |
| XX | female sex chromosomes |
| egg | female sex cell |
| homologous chromosomes | contain genes that code for the same traits |
| 46 | number of chromosomes in somatic cells |
| 23 | number of chromosomes in gametes |
| gametes | sex cells |
| nondisjunction | cause of a gamete with too few or too many chromosomes |
| translocation | when a piece of a chromosome breaks off and attaches to a nonhomologous chromosome |
| down syndrome | trisomy 21 |
| klinefelters syndrome | XXY |
| turner syndrome | lacking a sex chromosome |
| interphase | G1, S phase, G2 collectively known as... |
| mitosis | process of dividing the nucleus into two nuclei |
| S phase | when DNA replication occurs |
| chromatin | stringy unwound form of chromosomes |
