| A | B |
| Type set in bold, italics, or color | Add emphasis to wrds and phrases; may indicate an important term |
| Underlining | Adds emphasis; used for book titles |
| Identation | Starts a paragraph |
| Sidebars, illustrations, photographs and other graphics | provide more information |
| Headings and subheadings | Show what information is in the paragraph below; often placed in bold. |
| Footnotes and annotations | Give sources and references |
| Internal text structures | are ways of organizing information. |
| Comparison and contrast | shows how two or more items are alike and different. |
| Cause and Effect | This structure estabilishes that one event directly lead to another happening. |
| Enumeration/Listing | to put items into an orderly list. It is a good way to make an argument. |
| Sequencing/Chronology | A sequence puts things in order.Putthings in order in the order that they happend. |
| Concept and Definition | This sturcture sets out a term that may be unfamiliar to the reader and then explains the term. |
| Generalization | A generalization makes a statement about a group of people or things as a whole. It is often based on the behavior of a few members of the group. |
| Process | A process is a series of steps that are necessary to accomplish a task. It is similiar to cause and effect because one event leads to another, except that with a process thoes events can be independent of each other. |