| A | B |
|---|
| Brush | Tuft of persistent hairs on tips of wheat kernels |
| Dent | Found on tops of corn (maize) kernels (in dent corn). Forms because soft starch in the cernter of the kernel shrinks more on drying than does the flinty endosperm along the outside of the kernel |
| Pericarp | Primarily ovary tissue (maternal tissue) which protects the caryopsis (kernel) |
| Caryopsis | A ripened ovary (fruit) because of the presence of the pericarp |
| Ripened ovule | True Seed |
| Aleurone Layer | The outer, few cellular layers of endosperm |
| Endosperm | Mostly starch and comprises the bulk of the mature cereal grain. Energy source for the germinating seed and seedling. |
| Starchy endosperm | Soft, white starch |
| Flinty endosperm | Hard, vitreous (glasslike), yellow in yellow dent corn |
| Gluten | a proteinaceous matrix which gives dough its sticky, elastic quality in bread making. Wheat, rye and triticale are the only cereals that contain it. |
| Scutellum (cotyledon) | Primary function is enzyme secretion for breaking down endosperm and transporting food to the developing seedling. |
| Coleoptile | The topmost part of the embryo axis (embryonic root and shoot) that serves as a protective sheath for young leaves and growing point during seedling emergence. |
| Epicotyl | Also called plumule and is the embryonic leaves and shoot. |
| Apical Meristem | Located immediately above the scutellar node. Stalk and leaf tissue develops (growing point) from the growing point. If the growing point is destroyed, further plant development is prevented. |
| Scutellar node | Point of attachment of the scutellum to the embryo axis |
| Radicle | Embryonic root found in the lower part of the embryo axis |
| Coleorhiza | Protective sheath surrounding the radicle. Helps seal and prevent diseases from entering the kernel through the rupture made by the elongating radicle during germination |
| Black Layer | Forms near the tip of the corn kernel. Indicates physiological maturity (maxium kernel dry weight) |
| Tip | The point of attachment of the kernel to the flower stalk. |
