| A | B |
|---|
| Immigrants | 1860, pop. 31.5 milli; btw 1865-1920 30 milli |
| Ellis Island | open in 1892 to help with immigrants |
| 1815 | 5 million immigrants from NW Europe |
| 1865-1890 | 10 milli immigrants from NW Europe |
| 1890-1914 | 15 milli immigrants from E and S Europe |
| Asians | America blamed Asian immigrants for all its problems |
| progressives | no single objective or goal; middle class composed of young professionals |
| Mugrakers | social activists who wrote books to change society |
| Edward Bellamy | wrote "Looking Backwards" |
| Henry Demaest Lloyd | wrote "The Wealth against the commonwealth" exposed standard oil company |
| Jacob Riis | wrote "How the other half lives" |
| Upton Sinclair | wrote "The Jungle" meat packaging, gruesome EWW! |
| Frank Norris | Octopus; about RR and how they strangle farmers |
| John Spango | "Bitter Cry of Children" sweatshop kids, high death rate |
| Ray Stannard Baker | "Following the Color Line" 90 % US Blacks who lived in South were poor beyond belief; 1/3 illiterate |
| Marie and Bessie Van Vorst | "The Woman Who Toils"; directed at rich women who did not work |
