| A | B |
|---|
| Motivation | Factors within and outside an organism that cause it to behave a certain way at a certain time |
| Instinct Theory | A complex, inherited, unlearned behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species |
| Drive-Reduction Theory | “Pushes” an organism to restore the balance, restoring homeostasis |
| Incentive Theory | Behavior motivated by the “pull” of external goals, such as rewards, money and recognition. |
| Arousal Theory | People are motivated to maintain an optimum level of alertness and responsiveness |
| Yerkes-Dodson Law | Optimum level of arousal depends on the difficulty of the task. |
| Easy Tasks | These taskes require high levels of arousal |
| Difficult Tasks | These tasks require low levels of arousal |
| Maslow's Humanistic Theory | Suggested that motives are divided into several levels from basic survival needs to psychological and self-fulfillment needs |
| Self-Actualization | The need to live up to one’s fullest and unique potential |
| Competence Theory | Motivated to show yourself that you can do a challenging task. |
| Achievement Motivation | Behavior aimed at excelling, succeeding, or outperforming others at some activity |
| Self-Determination Theory | Motivated by needs of autonomy, competence and relatedness (social relationships). |
| Extrinsic Motivation | A desire to perform a behavior because of promised rewards or threats of punishment |
| Intrinsic Motivation | A desire to perform a behavior for its own sake and to be effective |
| Task Leadership | Goal-oriented leadership that sets standards, organizes work, and focuses attention |
| Social Leadership | Group-oriented leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support |
