| A | B |
| adage | proverb; wise saying |
| bonanza | a rich mass of ore in a mine;something valuable, profitable, and rewarding, gain |
| churlish | lacking politeness or good manners;rude;hard to deal with |
| citadel | fortress that protects a city;strong or commanding place |
| collaborate | to work with;work together |
| decree | to command firmly or forcefully;an order |
| discordant | disagreeable in sound, jarring;lacking in harmony |
| evolve | to develop gradually;higher level |
| excerpt | a passage taken from a book, article |
| grope | to feel about hesitantly with hands, to search blindly and uncertainly |
| hover | to float or hang suspended over;to move back and forth uncertainly over and around |
| jostle | to bump, shove, brush against;to make or force one's way by pushing or elbowing |
| laggard | a person who moves slowly or falls behind;falling behind;slow to move, act, or respond |
| plaudits | applause;enthusiastic praise or approval |
| preclude | shut out, prevent, make impossible |
| revert | to return, go back |
| rubble | broken stone or bricks;ruins |
| servile | of or relating to a slave;behaving or suitable to be a slave or servant |
| vigil | a watch, especially at night;watchful attention |
| wrangle | argue in a noisy , angry way; a noisy quarrel |