| A | B |
| scribe | a person who wrote thing for others |
| city-state | Included the city and farmland around it |
| civilization | society with developed forms of government, religion, and learning |
| ziggurat | A mud-brick Sumerian temple |
| surplus | Extra supply |
| government | Organized system used to make laws |
| innovation | New ways of doing things |
| authority | The right to do something |
| monarchy | Government where one person has the right to rule |
| technology | The skills and knowledge to make products |