| A | B |
|---|
| Sun | Our closest star |
| Helios | Greek word for Sun. That's how we get Helium |
| Nebula | Giant cloud of gas and Dust. Where stars are born and die |
| 5B - 4.6 billion years Ago | Age of Solar system |
| Nebular Theory | Theory that explains How and When our solar system was born. 5 BYA a star exploded near a nebula. |
| Big Bang Theory | Theory that explains how and when (13.7 BYA) our Universe was Born with the explosion of a bubble of matter. |
| 13. 7 Billion years ago | Universe was born. Age of the Universe |
| Fusion | Primary atomic reaction that occurs in the sun's core when the temperature reaches 15 m degrees C or 27 m F |
| Core | Inner, hottest layer of the sun-15 million degrees Celcius. or 27 million Fahrenheit |
| Photosphere | Surface layer of the sun or lowest layer of the Sun's atmoshphere-coolest layer 6000 C |
| Chromosphere | middle layer of the sun's atmosphere |
| Corona | outer most layer of the sun's atmosphere 1-2 m degrees C |
| Sun spots | cooler dark spots on the sun's surface |
| Solar Flares | bursts of light and energy |
| Solar wind | ejected particles from the sun that create wind in space |
| Prominence | storm on the sun's surface |
| Radiation zone | layer of the sun where the temperature ranges from 15 m degrees C to 1m degrees C. |
| Convection Zone | Area of the sun where the temperture ranges from 1m to 6000 degrees C. Heat circulates here. |
| Doppler Effect | the change in wavelength that happens when an object is moving towards or away from you. Light appears red if the object is moving away and blue if its coming towards. |
| Immanuel Kant | proposed Nebular theory in 1755. |
| Willaim K. Hartmann | Proposed Gaint Impact Theory in 1975 |
| CMB | Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation |
| Penzias and Wilson | Discovered CMB in 1963. Proof that the Universe began with an explosion |
| Red shift | shows that objects in are moving away from us. Shows the universe is expanding. |
| Blue Shift | shows that objects are moving towards us. |
| Edwin P. Hubble | discovered that the universe is expanding. All objects are red shifted. |
| supernova | exploding star. 8 billion degrees |
| Elements 1-25 | made in the core of stars |
| elements 26-the rest | made from stellar explosions-supernovae |
| protostar | pre star, not a star until it reaches 27 million F |
| protoplanets | pre planets |
| accretion | process of collapsing, condensing, spinning matter into stars and planets |
| CME | Coronal Mass Ejections- masses of matter ejected from the sun |
| Spectroscope | tool that allows us to see the colors of the spectrum. Allows us to see whether objects are red or blue shifted, as well as composition and speed of objects emitting light |
| Star | A giant hot ball of gas producing heat and light |
| Moon | Earth's natural satellite |
| Theia | Planet suspected of colliding with earth forming our moon |
