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| What does the word biodiversity refer to? | The number of different species in an area AND the slight genetic differences within a species. |
| What does is mean if a species is extinct? | All the members of a species have disappeared from the Earth. |
| Why do animals become extinct? | There are environmental changes and the species is unable to adapt. |
| What are causes of extinction? | Habitat destruction, poaching, and pollution. |
| What does it mean if a species is endangered? | It is in danger of becoming extinct in the near future. |
| What is the ORIGINAL source of energy for all living things? | The sun. |
| How do plants produce food for all other types of organisms? | Photosynthesis. |
| What are most producers? | Plants |
| What do producers do? | Produce or make their own food. |
| What are consumers? | Animals that eat other organisms for food. |
| What are some examples of consumers? | Caterpillars, bears, and catfish. |
| What are decomposers? | They break down wastes and dead organisms and return the raw materials to the ecosystem. |
| What are 2 examples of decomposers? | Mushrooms and bacteria. |
| What are 4 types of consumers? | Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and scavengers |
| What do herbivores eat? | Plants only |
| What do carnivores eat? | Animals/meat only |
| What do omnivores eat? | Plants and animals. |
| What do scavengers eat? | They feed on the bodies of dead organisms |
| In a food web, where are the producers? | Near the bottom right above the decomposers |
| In a food web, where is most of the energy? | At the bottom |
| What happens to the energy as you go up the food web? | The energy is used and there is less energy at the top. |
| What is a food chain? | It shows only one path from bottom to top in which one organism eats another and gains energy from it. |
| What is the relationship between a food chain and a food web? | A food web shows the pattern of many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem. |
| What does an energy pyramid show? | How energy is transferred through an ecosystem. |
| Where is most energy available in an energy pyramid? | At the producer level, on the bottom of the pyramid. |
| What happens to the available energy as you go up the pyramid? | Each level has less energy available to it than the level below it. |
| How do human activities affect the environment? | Household sewage, mining wastes, pesticides, oil and gasoline spills cause great harm to our environment. |
| What are the 3 R's humans are encouraged to practice? | Reduce, reuse, and recycle. |
| What is the number of different species in an area called? | Biodiversity |
| What are the slight genetic differences within a species called? | Biodiversity |
| What is it called when all members of a species disappear from the earth? | Extinction |
| What are NATURAL factors that could cause extinction? | Food, drought, volcanoes, and forest fires. |
| What is the original source of energy? | The sun |
| What are HUMAN factors that could cause extinction? | Hunting/poaching, pollution (water and air), and habitat destruction |
| What is the process by which plants use energy from the sun to produce sugars? | Photosynthesis |
| What is an organism that makes its own food? | Producer |
| What is an organism that breaks down waste products into raw materials? | Decomposer |
| What feeds on organisms that make their own food? | First-level consumer |
| What are consumers that eat both plants and animals? | Omnivores |
| What are consumers that eat only plants? | Herbivores |
| What are organisms that feed on the bodies of dead organisms? | Scavengers |
| What are organisms that eat only animals? | Carnivores |
| What do we call many overlapping food chains? | A food web |
| What is a series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy (in one path)? | A food chain |
| Where is most of the energy in an energy pyramid? | At the producer level towards the bottom |
| In an energy pyramid, where is there the least amount of energy? | The top level consumers |
| What are human activities that cause pollution? | Household sewage, mining waste, pesticides, and oil and gasoline spills |
