| A | B |
|---|
| Persona | Jung’s term for a “mask” people wear to hide what they really are or feel |
| Extrinsic Motivation | Seeking a reward from outside the organism for certain behaviors |
| Space Constancy | The ability to keep objects in the environment steady. |
| Generalization | A behavior that spreads form one situation to a similar one. |
| Extinction | The gradual loss of an association over time. |
| Intelligence | The ability to understand and adapt to the environment by using a combination of inherited abilities and learning experiences. |
| Nature vs. Nurture | Contrasting views of how we gain certain characteristics. |
| Object Permanence | Piaget’s term for the awareness that specific objects are real and exist all by themselves. |
| Reversibility | Piaget’s term for the idea that a relationship that goes in one direction can go in the other direction also. |
| Critical Period | A specific time of development that is the only time when a particular skill can begin to develop or an association can occur. |
| Mental Age | The level of intellectual functioning in years, which is compared with chronological age. |
| Color Constancy | The ability to perceive an object as the same color regardless of the environment. |
| Separation Anxiety | The baby’s fear of being away from the parent; the desire to avoid strangers. |
| Set | A tendency to solve problems in the same old way over and over. |
| Elaboration | The process of attaching a maximum number of associations to a basic concept so that it can easily remembered. |
| Empty-Nest Period | The time of life when the children are grown and leave; for some people, this event leads to feelings of uselessness and depression. |
| Gerontology | The branch of psychology that studies the aging process and the problems of older people. |
| Cerebral Arteriosclerosis | A blockage of blood vessels to the brain that results in the loss of mental faculties. |
| Shaping | The process of gradually refining a response by successively reinforcing closer approximations of it. |
| Senile Dementia | The loss of mental faculties as a result of aging |
