| A | B |
|---|
| a system of government with many departments and bureaus, all headed by appointed officials | bureaucracy |
| highly educated civil servants who entered government only after passing special examinations | scholar-officials |
| a process of hiring and promoting people based on talent and skills, rather than on wealth or social status | merit system |
| the growth of cities | urbanization |
| a state of complete peace | nirvana |
| founded the Tang Dynasty | Tang Taizong |
| the only woman emperor in Chinese history | Empress Wu |
| One of the most famous Chinese poets | Li Bo |
| A devoted Daoist, he criticized the wealth and power of Buddhists and persecuted them in 845 A.D. | Emperor Wuzong |
| most famous Neo-Confucianist | Zhu Xi |
| the way land is owned and distributed in a region | land tenure |
| China's most important crop | rice |
| the capital of the Tang Dynasty | Chang'an |
| the ability to read and write | literacy |
| an economy in which people use currency (money) rather than barter to buy and sell goods | money economy |
| a hard white pottery of extremely fine quality | porcelain |
| "the way of nature" | Daoism |
| based on respect for family and social order | Confucianism |
| states that life involves suffering, that to escape suffering, one must achieve enlightenment and enter nirvana | Buddhism |
| interpreted the teachings of Confucianists in new ways to answer questions about the meaning and purpose of life | Neo-Confucianists |
| this sect emphasized salvation through faith and encouraged the performing of rituals to enter paradise | Pure Land Buddhism |
| stated that meditation, awareness, and "living in the moment" could bring enlightenment | Chan Buddhism |
| the "golden age" of arts and literature in China | Tang Dynasty |
| water-control devices | irrigation technology |
| the capital of the Song Dynasty | Hangzhou |
