| A | B |
|---|
| First Country to fall to fascism | Italy |
| Benito Mussolini | Dictator of Italy |
| Appeasement | policy followed at Munich Conference (Britain and France gave in to Hitler's demands for land in an attempt to avoid war.) |
| Mobilization | preparingt an army for war |
| Dunkirk | 300,000 Allied troops rescued from coast of Northern France (British miraculously evacuated thousands of soldiers) |
| Battle of Britain | German's dropped bombs on England trying to get Britain to surrender |
| First turning point of war | Battle of Britain |
| Non-Aggressive Pact | Agreement between Germany and Soviet Union not to attack each other. Both will attack and split up Poland |
| Second turning point of war | Non-Aggressive Pact |
| Japanese-Americans | forced to live in Internment or Relocation Camps during WWII, eventually freed and many served in the military after this action was declared unconstitutional |
| Rosie the Riveter | nickname given to US women working in factories during WWII |
| D-Day | June 6, 1944 - When Allied forces invaded Western Europe (day of the Allied landing at Normandy) |
| Third turning point of war | Normandy (we gained foothold in France) |
| Impact of the A-bomb | killed 80,000 Japanese (brought a quick end to WWII) |
| Demilitarized Zone | an area where no military troops are allowed |
| Rhineland | demilitarized in 1936 by Germany |
| Scorched Earth Policy | strategy used by Russian peasants in which crops and homes were burnt and then troops retreated (leaving nothing for the Axis invaders) |
| Dictator | ruler having complete and uncontrolled authority over a nation |
| Island Hopping | Allied strategy against Japan in the Pacific |
| National Socialist Workers Party | nicknamed Nazis Political Party led by Hitler |
| Munich Conference | meeting before WWII where France and Britain appeased Hitler's land demands to avoid going to war (gave Hitler Sudetenland for promise of peace) |
| Battle of Midway | turning point in war against Japan (US won, stopping an invasion of the Midway Islands) |
| Japanese Aggression | 1931 - Japan invaded China, 1941 - Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, During WWII Japan took US, British, French colonies in the Pacific and Asia |
| Axis Leaders | Hitler, Mussolini and Hirohito |
| Allied Leaders | Churchill, Stalin, FDR/Truman |
| Holocaust | German murder of 12 million people between 1933-1945 (mainly Jews) |
| Rationing | when government limits domestic consumption of resources to aid the war effort |
| Manhattan Project | secret name given to project to build the atomic bomb |
| Pearl Harbor | December 7, 1941 Japanese surprise attack on the United States |
| Nazis | followers of Adolf Hitler |
| Hiroshima and Nagasaki | Japanese cities hit with atomic bombs |
| Treaty of Versailles | combined with the Great Depression made Germany very poor |
| Fascism | political system in which the government controls every aspect of citizens' lives |
| Collectives | Soviet leader Stalin forced peasants to work on these large government owned farms |
| Mein Kampf | Hitler's book that blamed Jews, Communists, and Intellectuals for Germany's defeat in WWI |
| Kristallnacht | Night of Broken Glass, Nazi mobs kill more than 90 Jews, destroy 7500 businesses, and burn 200 Synagogues |
| General Francisco Franco | Fascist Dictator of Spain |
| Attack on Manchuria | (1937) Japan invades for natural resources |
| Panay | U.S. gunboat destroyed by Japanese, we demand an apology, but stop short of war |
| Neutrality Acts | passed by Congress in the 1930's to keep U.S. out of international incidents |
| Allied Powers | France and Britain at start, later Russia and United States |
| Axis Powers | Germany, Italy, and Japan |
| Lend-Lease Act | passed by Congress to loan weapons to Britain |
| Sonar | technology that helped the Allies fight the war in the Atlantic |
| Code Crackers | Allies knew in advance where Japan would attack |
| Kamikaze | Japanese suicide pilots |
| Concentration Camps | Nazi Germany's death camps for Jews and others |
| Hitler's advance into France | attacked north of the Maginot Line and swept downward |
| Charles de Gaulle | organized a "Free French" army, French leader |
| Radar | used to detect German aircraft during the Battle of Britain |
| Japanese advance in Pacific | struck with lightning speed after Pear Harbor |
| Japanese Internment | Japanese Americans were sent to camps, some fought for the United States |
| Race toward Germany | wanted to beat Russians to Berlin, couldn't let Germans destroy bridges over Rhine River |
| U.S. physical destruction | much less than that of Europe |
| FDR | 1932, 1936, 1940, 1944 |
| Blitzkrieg | lightning warfare |
| War Production Board | oversaw conversion of U.S. factories to war production |
| Selective Training and Service Act | required men 21 - 35 to register for the draft |
| Battle of Stalingrad | important Soviet victory over the Germans |
| Battle of Midway | naval defeat that left Japan on the defensive for the rest of the war |
| Holocaust | Nazi Germany's systematic attempt to kill all the Jews in Europe |
| Enola Gay | plane that dropped the A-Bomb on Hiroshima |
| Totalitarianism | government controls the people |
| Democracy | people control the government |
| Winston Churchill | leader of Britain |
| Emperor Hirohito | leader of Japan, Japanese saw him as a god |
| Attack on Poland | Germany starts WWII, Britain and France declare war on Germany |
| Scapegoat | Hitler blames Jews for all of Germany's problems |
| Rationing | conserving food and supplies |
| Women at work | worked in factories while men were fighting, "Rosie the Riveter" |
| Harry Truman | follows FDR, makes decision to drop A-Bomb |
| United Nations | formed after WWII in an attempt to prevent WWIII |
