| A | B |
|---|
| CELL | the smallest unit that is able to perform the basic functions of life |
| CELL MEMBRANE | the outer boundary of the cytoplasm; a layer that controls what enters or leaves a cell; a protective covering enclosing an entire cell |
| CELL WALL | a protective outer covering that lies just outside the cell membrane of plant cells providing structure, shape, and protection to the cell |
| CHLOROPLAST | an organelle in a plant cell that contains chlorophyll, a chemical that uses the energy from sunlight to make sugar |
| CYTOPLASM | a thick, gelatin-like material contained within the cell membrane where most of the work of the cell is carried out |
| EUKARYOTIC CELL | a cell in which the genetic material is enclosed within a nucleus, surrounded by its own membrane |
| MITOCHONDRIA | organelles that release energy by using oxygen to break down sugars |
| MULTICELLULAR | a term used to describe an organism that is made up of many cells |
| NUCLEUS | the structure in a eukaryotic cell that contains the genetic material a cell needs to reproduce and function |
| ORGANELLE | a structure in a cell that is enclosed by a membrane and that performs a particular function |
| ORGANISM | an individual living thing, made up of one or many cells, that is capable of growing and reproducing |
| PROKARYOTIC CELL | a cell that lacks a true nucleus and other organelles |
| UNICELLULAR | a term used to describe an organism that is made up of a single cell |
| ROBERT HOOKE | scientist who coined the term "cell" to describe the basic unit of life after he viewed cork cells through a microscope |
| ANTON VAN LEEUWENHOEK | Dutch scientist called “the Father of Microbiology;” the first to observe and describe living single-celled organisms; originally referred to these organisms as animalcules; now refer to them as microorganisms |
| GOLGI BODIES | cell organelle that packages and moves proteins |
| ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM | organelle that forms narrow channels in the cell’s cytoplasm; transports materials |
| LYSOSOMES | organelle that digests and breaks apart food particles, wastes and worn-out organelles |
| RIBOSOMES | organelles that creates protein |
| VACUOLE | organelle surrounded by a membrane that can store water, waste and other materials |
| CENTRAL VACUOLE | a large organelle in a plant cell in which water and other materials can be stored |
