| A | B |
|---|
| calorie | amount of energy needed to raise 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius |
| glycolysis | process in which one molecule of glucose is broken in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid |
| cellular respiration | process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the presence of oxygen |
| NAD | electron carrier |
| fermentation | pathway that releases energy from food in the absence of oxygen |
| anaerobic | does not require oxygen |
| aerobic | requires oxygen |
| cytoplasm | where glycolysis takes place |
| mitochondria | the Krebs cycle and electron transport take place inside this |
| ninety percent | the amount of chemical energy in glucose that is still unused at the end of glycolysis |
| three | as each pair of high-energy electrons moves down the electron transport chain, this number of ATP molecules are produced on average |
| electron transport chain | high-energy electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed into and along this |
| intermembrane | H ions build up in this space |
| ATP synthase | H ions move through channels of this in the inner membrane |
