| A | B |
|---|
| Electron | Negative charge; 1/1836 the mass of hydrogen atom |
| Proton | Positive charge; 1 amu |
| Neutron | No charge; 1 amu |
| Isotope | Same #protons; differing # neutrons |
| J.J. Thomson | Showed electrons are negative |
| Ernest Rutherford | Gold foil experiment |
| Atomic number | Z number; number of protons in a atom f an element |
| Mass number | "A" number; the #of protons + # of neutrons |
| Principle quantum number; n | Refers to energy levels |
| Quantum number; L | Refers to orbital shape |
| Quantum number; m | Refers to orbital orientation |
| Quantum number; s | Refers to electron spin |
| Ground state | Lowest energy level in an atom |
| Thomson's atomic model | Plum pudding |
| Dalton's atomic model | Solid spheres |
| Rutherford's atomic model | Dense nucleus mostly empty space |
| Atomic mass | Weighted average of naturally ocurring isotopes of an element |
| Ion | Charged particle |
| Alpha perticle | Charged Helium nucleus |
| Gamma radiation | High energy electromagnetic radiation |
| Nucleons | Particle in the nucleus |
| Strong Nuclear Force | Nuclear "glue"; holds nucleus together |
| Quarks | Makes up the protons and neutrons |
| Hydrogen | Most prevalent element in the universe |
| Transuranium elements | "A" > 92 |
| Groups | Columns on the periodic table |
| Periods | Rows on the periodic table |
| Compounds | Combinations of elements |
