| A | B |
|---|
| aa | slow-moving, thick lava |
| active | the life stage of a volcano that is currently erupting or has erupted recently |
| basalt | a rock formed from a quiet volcano with low silica content |
| caldera | a large hole in the ground created when a volcano erupts and the magma chamber collapses |
| cinder cone | an explosive volcano formed from volcanic ash, cinders and bombs |
| composite volcano | a volcano formed from alternating layers of lava and ash; it can have explosive or quiet eruptions |
| crater | a bowl-shaped area that forms at the top of a volcano around the vent |
| dormant | the life stage of a volcano has not erupted in a long time, but has the potential to erupt again |
| extinct | the life stage of a volcano that should never erupt again |
| hot spot | this is how volcanoes can form if they ARE NOT on a plate boundary |
| lava | liquid magma that reaches the surface |
| magma chamber | the pocket beneath a volcano where magma collects |
| pahoehoe | fast-moving, runny lava |
| pyroclastic flow | the explosion of ash, cinders, bombs and gases during an explosive volcanic eruption |
| shield volcano | a wide, gently sloping volcano formed from quiet eruptions of lava |
| silica | a material found in magma that determines whether a quiet or explosive eruption will occur |
| Ring of Fire | a volcanic belt around the Pacific Ocean |
| island arc | a series of volcanic islands formed when to oceanic plates collide |
| pipe | the tube that connects the magma chamber to the vent |
| vent | an opening where magma exits a volcano |
| geyser | a fountain of heated water formed from volcanic activity |
| basin | a broad valley |
| Central Valley | an example of a basin in California |
| Lassen Peak | an example of a volcano in California |
| San Andreas | an example of a fault in California |
| Sierra Nevada | an example of a mountain range in California |
| quiet | the type of eruption that occurs with low silica |
| explosive | the type of eruption that occurs with high silica |
