| A | B |
|---|
| A legal distinction that the Supreme Court scrutinizes especially closely | suspect classification |
| Post-Civil War era when southern laws protected black's freedom | Reconstruction |
| A Supreme Court decision upholding state-enforced racial segregation | Plessy v. Ferguson |
| The standard under which the Court once upheld racial segregation | separate-but-equal doctrine |
| The term for laws forcing second-class status on Blacks | Jim Crow |
| A black interest group active primarily in the courts | NAACP |
| A Suprem Court decision declaring segregated schools inherently unequal | Brown v. Board of Education |
| Segregation created by law | de jure segregation |
| Segregation that exists but that was not created by law | de facto segregation |
| A school integration plan mandating no particular acial balance | freedom of choice |
| A early nonviolent leader in black civil rights | Martin Luther King, Jr. |
| Offering the races an equal chance at desired things | equal opportunity |
| Distributing desired things equally to all the races | equality of results |
| The standard by which the Court judges gender-based classifications | reasonableness |
| A ruling that held that Congress may draft men but not women | Rostker v. Goldberg |
| A ruling that declared all state laws prohibiting abortion unconstitutional | Roe v. Wade |
| Leghislation that barred the use of federal funds for nearly any abortion | Hyde Amendment |
| A leading Feminist organization | NOW |
| A proposed amendment to the constitution, defeated by 1982 | ERA |
| The doctrine of equal pay for substantially equal work | comparable worth |
| The use of race or sex to give preferential treatment to blacks or women | reverse discrimination |
| Helping disadvantaged people catch up, usually by giving them extra education, training, or services | compensatory action |
| Giving minorities preference in hiring, promotions, college admissions, and contracts | preferential treatment |
| Designing remedies for overcoming racism and sexism by taking race and sex into account | affirmative action |
| A Supreme Court ruling stating that a college may not use an explicit numerical quota in admitting minorities but could "take race into account" | Bakke |
| Any persons who are not U.S. citizens | aliens |
| The rights of citizens to vote, receive equal treatment before the law, and share the benefits of public facilities | civil rights |
| A philosophy of peaceful violation of laws considered unjust and accepting punishment for the violation | nonviolent civil disobedience |
| The standard by which the Supreme Court judges classifications based on race: they must have a compelling public purpose | strict scrutiny |
