| A | B |
|---|
| polar molecule | molecule in which the charges are unevenly distributed causing them to have a positive side and a negative side |
| hydrogen bond | weak attraction between polar molecules |
| cohesion | attraction between molecules of the same substance |
| adhesion | attraction between molecules of different substances |
| solute | the substance that is dissolved in a solution |
| solvent | the substance in which another substance is dissolved to form a solution |
| acid | substance that releases hydrogen (H+) ions when mixed with water |
| base | substance that releases hydroxide (OH-) ions when mixed with water |
| pH scale | measurement system to indicate the concentration of hydrogen (H+) ions in a solution |
| pH 7 | neutral solution, pure water, hydrogen ions (H+) = hydroxide (OH-) ions |
| pH below 7 | acidic solutions, hydrogen ions (H+) > hydroxide (OH-) ions |
| pH above 7 | basic solutions, hydrogen ions (H+) < hydroxide (OH-) ions |
| buffer | weak acids or weak bases that react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp and sudden changes in pH |
| specific heat | the heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount (usually one degree). |
| heat of vaporization | the heat required to turn liquid water into a gas (steam) |
