| A | B |
|---|
| Conquered territories in eastern Asia, the Middle East and eastern Europe from the 1000-1400s. | Invaders from the Steppe |
| Grassy semiarid plains of Eurasia. | Steppe |
| First Steppe people to engage in conquest | Turks |
| Muslim Turks that moved from central Asia into Middle East about 1000. | Selijuk Turks |
| Restored the Sunni Caliphate | Selijuk Turks |
| Selijuk Turks defeated the Byzantines in 1071 at the | Battle of Manzikert |
| Selijuk conquests of Palestine (holy land) led to the ... | Crusades |
| the Selijuks were weakened by... | internal strife |
| Became the dominant group in central Asia during the 1100s | Mongols |
| Mongolia is located... | Northwest of China |
| Mongols were expert fighters on | Horseback |
| Organized scattered Mongol clans under one government | Ghengis Khan |
| Temujin | Ghengis Khan |
| Mongolian laws were brought together by Genghis Khan into the code known as the... | yasa |
| He made the Mongols the most skilled fighting force in the world. | Genghis Khan |
| In 1211 100,000 Mongol horsemen invaded | China |
| The Mongols learned these fighting techniques from the Chinese | Siege warefare |
| By 1270 the Mongols ruled all of | China |
| Under commander Batu the Mongols conquered... | Russian territories |
| Mongols under commander Helague capured... | Baghdad |
| The Mongol adbance was finally halted by the... | Mamluks |
| Muslim military group that ruled Egypt | Mamluks |
| Created the largest land empire in history. | Mongols |
| Encouraged the growth of trade and closer cultural contacts between the East and West. | Mongol rule |
| By the end of the 1200s Mongol territories had developed into... | independant kingdoms |
| In central Asia the Mongols converted to Islam and... | intermarried with the Turks |
| United Turkish-Mongols by conquest. | Timur Lenk |
| tamerlane | Timur Lenk |
| timur Lenk hoped to spread | Islam |
| Extended Turkish-Mongol rule over much of the Middle East. | Timur Lenk |
| In 1402, Timur Lenk defeated the... | Ottoman Turks |
| After Timur Lenk's death his empire... | collapsed |
| Most important city in Timur Lenk's empire. | Samarkand |
| United China by conquering both the north and the south. | Yang Jian |
| Yan Jian founded the ... | Sui dynasty |
| First dynasty formed out of the chaos following the decline of the Han dynasty | Sui dynasty |
| Forced labor by the Sui dynasty led to... | peasant uprisings |
| Because of peasant uprisings he was able to take control of China | Li Yuan |
| Li Yuan established the... | Tang Dynasty |
| Lasted from 618 to 907 in China. | Tang Dynasty |
| To obtain a position in the Tang gobernment a candidate had to pass a | civil service examination |
| Tang civil service examinations covered... | Confucian principles |
| The Chinese government claimed the civil service system was a ... | meritocracy |
| They were handicapped in the Chinese civil service system. | poor |
| Confucianism taught than an individual should obey... | the emperor |
| Peasant lives improved during the Tang dynasty because they were given... | land and peace |
| General Zhao Kuangyin seize the Chinese throne in 960 and established the... | Son dynasty |
| Captured the Song capital, Kaifeng. | Jurchen |
| Song Scholars produced an official state philosophy called... | neo-Confucianism |
| Combined Confucian values with elements of Buddhism and Daoism | neo-Confucianism |
| Used the Song dynasty's own technology to defeat it. | Mongols |
| Overthrew Jurchen and Song rulers in 1200s | Mongols |
| Mongol dynasty of China | Yuan dynasty |
| First great Mongol emperor of China. (1260-1294) | Kublai Khan |
| Attempted to force Mongolian culture on China. | Kublai Khan |
| Famous Venetian appointed to a government post in china by Kublian Khan. | Marco Polo |
| The Chinese resented... | Mongol rule |
| Buddhist Monk led army that overthrew Yuan dynasty. | Zhu Yuanzhang |
| Because of the exchange of goods Southeast Asia was heavily influenced by... | India |
| Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Indonesia, and the Phillipines | Southeast Asia |
| Ethnic group that settled in Cambodia | The Khmer |
| Even though they adopted religions from India, Southeast Asians continued to practice... | animism |
| Belief that spirits inhabit living and nonliving things. | animism |
| Dominant foreign cultural influence on Vietnam | China |
| Led a revolt that achieved brief Vietnamese independence from China. | Trug sisters |
| Vietnamese retained independence from China's Song dynasty by... | paying tribute |
| Dominant group in Myanmar after 500s B.C. | Tibeto-Burmans |
| No question | No answer |
| Tibeto-Burman capital, Pagan, became a center for... | Buddhist learning and culture |
| Koreans gained independence rom China after the fall of the... | Han dynasty |
| After becoming independent of China, Koreans formed the... | Three Kingdoms |
| The Three Kingdom period came to an end in Korea, in 668, when Korea was unified by... | the Silla Kingdom |
| Resulted in a reduction ofj the status of women in Korea | Adoption of neo-Confucianism |
| Extended loose rule over most of Japan about A.D. 400. | Yomato Clan |
| Capital of Japan established in 794 | Heian Kyo |
| Created Heian culture | 3000 Japanese Aristocrats |
| Focus of Heian culture. | pursuit of beauty |
| After the decline of Heian power the emperor became a... | figure head |
| After the Heian period Japan had a military government headed by a general called a... | Shogun |
| Japan broke up into... | warring states |
| Japanese land owning warriors | Samurai |
| Most powerful Samurai | Daimyo |
| The Japanese system of Samurai and Daimyo was... | Feudalism |
| Samurai code of honor. ("the way of the warrior.")") | Bushido |
| Primary concern of people during the Middle Ages | Salvation |
| French popes live in Avignon, France (1300s) | Babylonian Captivity |
| One pope in Avignon, one in Rome (split church) | Great Schism |
| The Babylonian captivity and the Great Schism weakened the ... | Authority of the Church |
| Translated the New Testament into English, criticized the church. | John Wycliffe |
| Czech; said Bible was higher than pope, was burned at the stake. | John Huss |
| Rebirth of classical ideas of Greece & Rome | Renaissance |
| Time of great artistic and intellectual creativity | Renaissance |
| Birthplace of the Renaissance. | Italian City-States |
| The Renaissance began in Northern Italy about ... | 1300 |
| Thought system of the Renaissance | Humanism |
| Emphasized human worth and the importance of the individual. (ideology) | Humanism |
| "father of Humanism" | Petrarch |
| Author of The Prince | Machiavelli |
| The ends justifies the means in political actions. (book) | The Prince |
| Best example of "the Renaissance Man." | Leonardo da Vinci |
| Commissioned by Pope to paint celing of Sistine Chapel. | Michelangelo |
| Renaissance writers, wanted reform in church. | Christian Humanists |
| Criticized society by comparing it to an ideal socity. (book) | Utopia |
| Author of "Utopia" | Thomas More |
| Erasmus and Thomas More were ... | Humanists |
| Helped spread the ideas of reformation. (invention) | Printing press |
| INventor of the printing press | Johann Gutenberg |
| Founder of Protestant Reformation | Martin Luther |
| Broke with Catholic church over salvation by faith | Martin Luther |
| Christians became divided as Protestants and Catholics | Reformation |
| Luther's occupation (prior to leaving church) | Monk |
| Freed the owner of time in purgatory/were granted by church | Indulgences |
| Place of suffering where people are purified of sins before going to heaven | Purgatory |
| Authorized the sale of indulgences | Pope Leo X |
| Church agen sold indulgences in Northern Germany | John Tetzel |
| Luther's criticism of the sale of indulgences (Document) | 95 Theses |
| 95 These nailed to Wittenburg Church in... (date) | 1517 |
| One is saved solely by trusting Christ | Justification by faith |
| Luther's basic belief | Justification by faith |
| Luther believed it was the only authority for Christian life | Bible |
| Luther's belief that each Christian could communicate with God | Priesthood of the believer |
| Councl condemns Luther as heretic and outlaw | Diet of Worms |
| Excommunicated Luther (person) | Pope Leo X |
| Holy Roman Emperor/called Diet of Worms/fought against Protestantism | Charles V |
| Those who broke away from the Catholic Church | Protestants |
| French reformer fled to Switzerland | John Calvin |
| In Geneva Switzerland Calvin established a ... | Theocracy |
| Calvin's teaching that God determines what will happen before it does | Predestination |
| Calvin's belief that people are incapable of choosing God | Total Depravity |
| Calvin teaching that God chose who will be saved | Unconditional Election |
| English King broke with pope. | Henry VIII |
| Henry VIII broke with the pope because he would not ... | End his marriage |
| Made Henry VIII the official head of the Church of England (1534) | Act of Supremacy |
| Daughter of Henry VIII tried to reinstate Catholicism | Mary I |
| Made England Protestant with some Catholic practices (ruler) | Elizabeth I |
| Name of the protestant Church in England | Anglicanism |
| Wanted to jpurify Anglican Church of Catholic practices (group) | Puritans |
| Puritan's beliefs were... | Calvinistic |
| Attempts to reform the Catholic Church | Counter Reformation |
| Attempted to win back converts to Catholic Church (movement) | Counter Reformation |
| Defined Catholic doctrine (1545) (meeting) | Council of Trent |
| Attempted to restore popes influence (meeting) | Council of Trent |
| Founder of Jesuit Order | Ignatius Loyola |
| A society of Jesus | Jesuits |
| Attempted to win people back to Catholicism by education (group) | Jesuits |
| Gave each prince right to choose religion for his realm (1555) | Peace of Augsburg |
| French Calvinist, persecuted | Huguenots |
| Led the Scottish Reformation (person) | John Knox |
| John Knox followed the ideas of ... | John Calvin |
| Luther and other break from Catholic church | Protestant Reformation |
| Catholic Reformation | Counter Reformation |
| Lutheran, Reformed, Anabaptist, and Anglicanism | 4 branches of Reformation |
| Started reformed branch of reformation (person) | Ulrich Zwingli |
| Zwwingli started his reformed movement in ... | Zurich, Switzerland |
| Shaped the reformed branch of the reformation (person) | John Calvin |
| Calvin shaped the reformed movement in... | Geneva, Switzerland |
| Radical wing of the Reformation | Anabaptists |
| Sought a return to primitive (early) Christianity (group) | Anabaptists |
| Originally broke off from Zwingli's movement (they didn't think he went far enough) | Anabaptists |
| Believed people should be baptized only after conversion or regeneration (group) | Anabaptists |
| First to want complete separation of Church and state (group) | Anabaptists |
| Traveled around Netherlands and preached to Anabaptists (person). | Menno Simons |
| Menno Simmons demanded... | Pacifism |
| After Menno Simmons death Anabaptists in the Netherlands were called... | Mennonites |
| During the reformation years four to five thousand were executed. | Anabaptists |
| Reformed Church in Scotland | Presbyterian |
