| A | B |
|---|
| transpiration | the passage of watery vapor from a living body (as of a plant) through a membrane or pores |
| phloem | a complex tissue in the vascular system of higher plants that consists mainly of sieve tubes and elongated parenchyma cells usually with fibers and that functions in translocation and in support and storage |
| xylem | a complex tissue in the vascular system of higher plants that consists of vessels, tracheids, or both usually together with wood fibers and parenchyma cells, functions chiefly in conduction of water and dissolved minerals but also in support and food storage, and typically constitutes the woody element (as of a plant stem) |
| pollination | the transfer of pollen from an anther to the stigma in angiosperms or from the microsporangium to the micropyle in gymnosperms |
| fertilization | the union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid gamete |
| micropyle | a minute opening in the integument of an ovule of a seed plant; water or sperm may enter here |
| respiration | any of various energy-yielding oxidative reactions in living matter; seeds use this for; germinating seeds carry out this process |
| cotyledon | part of seed that functions in food storage |
| factors for seed germination | water, oxygen, appropriate temperature |
| active transport | the movement of a chemical substance by the expenditure of energy against a gradient in concentration or in electrical potential across a plasma membrane |
| osmosis | movement of a solvent (as water) through a semipermeable membrane (as of a living cell) into a solution of higher solute concentration |
| translocation | the conduction of soluble material (as metabolic products) from one part of a plant to another |
| gibberellin | any of several growth-regulating plant hormones that promote cell elongation and activity of the cambium, induce parthenocarpy, and stimulate synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins; causes the activation of amylase |
| anther | the part of a stamen that produces and contains pollen and is usually borne on a stalk |
| ovary | the enlarged rounded usually basal portion of the pistil or gynoecium of an angiospermous plant that bears the ovules and consists of one or more carpels |
| pistil | a single carpel or group of fused carpels usually differentiated into an ovary, style, and stigma |
| stigma | the usually apical part of the pistil of a flower which receives the pollen grains and on which they germinate |
| style | the filiform usually elongated part of the pistil bearing a stigma at its apex |
| sepal | one of the modified leaves comprising a calyx |
| stamen | the pollen-producing male organ of a flower that consists of an anther and a filament |
