| A | B |
|---|
| monarchy | rule by a king or a queen |
| dynasty | a succession of rulers who are members of the same family |
| bureaucracy | in ancient Egypt, a group of government officials to whom the king delegated many administrators responsibilities |
| pharaoh | ruler of ancient Egypt |
| empire | political unit made up of groups of territories ruled by one government |
| polytheism | belief in many gods |
| monotheism | belief in one god |
| hieroglyphics | ancient Egyptian writing system using picture symbols |
| city-state | an independent state consisting of a city together with surrounding land and villages |
| cuneiform | Sumerian system of writing, believed to be the oldest in the world |
| monsoon | seasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and southeastern Asia |
| mandate | authority from heaven to rule |
| Narmer | united lower and upper Egypt for the 1st time |
| Ahmose | founded the 1st dynasty of the New Kingdom in Egypt |
| Hatshepsut | first woman pharaoh |
| Thutmose III | stepson of Hatshepsut, conquered Sryia |
| Akhenaton | changed Egypt's religion from polytheism to monotheism |
| Sargon I | united Mesopotamia's city-states |
| Hammurabi | created a law code dealing with daily life |
| Yu the Great | founded the Xia dynasty in China around 2000BC |
