| A | B |
|---|
| asthenosphere | outer layer of the mantle |
| collision boundary | two colliding plates both are carrying continents |
| converging boundary | two plates come together |
| diverging boundary | two plates pull apart |
| craton | the ancient core of a continent |
| fault | a crack in the earths crust |
| lithosphere | the outer solid layer of the earth |
| plate tectonics | the theory of moving plates |
| spreading centers | ridges where plates move apart and new crust is formed |
| subduction boundary | a convering boundary where the oceanic plate goes under the continental plate |
| terrane | a section of plate that has been added to a continent |
| batholith | an extremely large igneous intrusion |
| dike | a vertical igneous intrusion |
| felsic | light coloured, high in silica magma |
| mafic | dark coloured, low in silica magma |
| hot spot | an area of volcanic activity in the middle of a plate |
| laccolith | a dome shaped igneous intrusion |
| lava | magma that has escaped the earth |
| magma | molten rock in the earth |
| pluton | magma that has cooled in the earth (igneous intrusion) |
| rift eruption | volcanic eruption at a narrow crack in the crust |
| sill | a horizontal pluton |
| subduction boundary eruption | eruption where an oceanin plate goes under a continent |
| tephra | extremely light rock from volcanic ash |
| shield volcano | a very low, wide volcano which flows lava |
| cinder cone volcano | steep sided volcano |
| composite (strato) volcano | large, mountain like volcano that erupts violently |
| earthquake | shaking of earth due to plate movement |
| elastic rebound | when a plate deforms then releases |
| epicenter | the point directly above the focus of an earthquake |
| focus | where a plate first moves |
| L waves | surface earthquake waves |
| P waves | the first earthquake waves to arrive |
| S waves | the second waves to arrive in an earthquake |
| mohorovic discontinuity | a layer in mantle where waves slow down |
| richter scale | used to measure damage from earthquakes |
| seismogram | a record of the earth's shaking |
| seismograph | instrument the records the earth's shaking |
| shadow zone | zone of earth where earthqauke waves don't show up |
| time-travel graph | shows the time it takes for waves to arrive |
| active continental margin | the edge of a continent that is also a plate boundary |
| passive continental margin | the edge of continent built up by sediments |
| anticline | an upward fold in rock layers |
| syncline | a downward fold in rock layers |
| dome mountain | in individual moutain resulting form folding |
| fault-block mountains | mountains resulting from uplifting |
| joint | a crack in rock where here is no movement |
| normal fault | a fault where one piece drops down |
| reverse fault | one piece is driven up over the other piece |
| strike-slip fault | one piece slides past the other piece |
