| A | B |
|---|
| pepsin | converts proteins to polypeptides |
| HCl | activates pepsinogen |
| pH of stomach | 1-2 |
| amylase | breaks starch to smaller polysaccharides |
| lysozyme | enzyme in saliva which destroys bacteria |
| chief cells | cells in gastric glands which make pepsinogen |
| parietal cells | cells in gastric glands which make hydrochloric acid |
| gastrin | hormone which stimulates gastric juice secretion |
| parotids | salivary glands anterior to the ear |
| submandibular | salivary glands under the jaw |
| sublingual | salivary glands beneath the tongue |
| canines | pointed teeth for ripping flesh |
| molars | flat-topped grinding teeth |
| peritoneum | serous membrane covering digestive organs |
| mesentery | peritoneum connecting the folds of intestine |
| uvula and soft palate | covers nasal passages during swallowing |
| epiglottis | covers trachea during swallowing |
| esophagus | transports food from pharynx to stomach |
| oropharynx | throat area behind the mouth |
| nasopharynx | throat area above soft palate |
| pyloric sphincter | lets food out of the stomach |
| cardiac sphincter | lets food into the stomach |
| rugae | mucosal folds in stomach lining |
| fundus | rounded upper part of stomach |
| papillae | bumps on the tongue |
| bolus | semi-solid ball of food |
| chyme | semi-liquid state of food as it leaves stomach |
| pH of mouth | about 6.8 |
| rennin | digests milk protein, turning it into solid curds |
| layers of muscle in stomach wall | circular, longitudinal and oblique |
| peristalsis | wave-like muscular contractions which move food |
| alimentary canal | organs making up food tube |
| mastication | chewing; physical digestion |
| deglutition | act of swallowing |
| defecation | elimination of feces |
| tartar (calculus) | calcified plaque |
| periodontal disease | disease of supporting structures of the teeth |
| gingivae | gums |
| stimuli for salivation | sight, smell, taste of food |
| mixing waves | physically digest food in stomach |
