| A | B |
|---|
| Cell specialization | when cells become "specialists" to perform specific functions |
| Two types of active transport | membrane associated pumps and Endocytosis |
| Three examples of specialized cells | Protein factories, light sensitive cells, and mucus secreting cellss |
| tissues | group of similar cells performing similar functions |
| cell theory | all living things are made up of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function, and all cells come from pre-existing cells |
| Credited with inventing 1st microscope | Anton van Leevewhoek |
| Smallest cell | .2 micrometers |
| Mitochandria | power house of cell;produces energy |
| Ribosomes | protein + RNA; important for protien synthesis |
| Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum | attached ribosomes; protein synthesis |
| Common to most cells | Cell membrane, nucleus, cytoplasm |
| Cell membrane | controls what enters and leaves the cell to maintain homeostasis |
| Composed of lipid bilayer | cell membrane |
| Cytoplasm | contains everything in the cell between the nuleus and cell membrane |
| Cell wall | found in some plants and bacteria, very permiable |
| Phagocytosis | where large particles are taken into the cell |
| Pinocytosis | liquids are taken into the cell |
| Found only in animal cells | centriole |
| Lysosomes | have digestive enzymes |
| Autolysis | when lysosomes self distruct |
| organs | group of tissues working together for a specific function |
| organ systems | group of organs working to perform a global function |
| Light sensitive cells | contain rhodopsin |
| diffusion | movement of molecules from an area with high concentration to an area with lower concentration |
| Prokaryotes | uni-cellular; no nucleus |
| eukaryotes | uni or multi-cellular; contain nuclei |
| In the nucleus | DNA |
| Nuclear envelopes | 2 membranes that surround the nucleus |
| Nuclear pores | allow things to pass in and out of cell |
| Nucleolus | contains RNA and protein; where ribosomes are made |
| Lipid bilayer | negative polar heads with uncharged carbon chains |
| Chloroplast | contains chlorophyll |
| Golgi apparatus | packages and processes proteins |
| vacuoles | store waste, food, water |
| suicide sacks produced by the golgi body | lysosomes |
| Cytosol | fluidy portion of the cytoplasm |
| Organelle | membrane bound units inside cell with specific function |
| Coined the term cell | Robert Hooke |
| Schleiden | said plants are made up of cells |
| Schwan | said animals are made up of cells |
| Robert Brown | first to see nucleus of the cell |
| Outside cell membrane of plant cell | cell wall |
| Makes up primary layer of cell | cellulose |
| Stores DNA | chromosomes |
| Mucus secreting cells | trap dust particles, bacteria etc. |
| Cilia | hair like projectings on outside of cell |
| found in passage ways | mucus secreting cells |
| Endocytosis | when membrane surrounds particle that it wants to take in and then buds off into vacuoles that contain the particle |
| For there to be diffusion accross a cell membrane | has concentration gradiant and membrane has to permiable to the substance |
| Most biological membranes are | selectively permiable |
