| A | B |
|---|
| health | physical, mental and social well-being not merely the absence of disease |
| disease | an abnormality in body function that threatens health |
| etiolgy | the study of the factors that cause a disease |
| idiopathic | refers to a disease with an unknown cause |
| signs and symptoms | the objective and subjective abnoralities associated with a disease |
| pathogenesis | the pattern of a disease's development |
| epidemiology | is the study of occurrence, distribution , and transmission of diseases in human population |
| endemic disease | are native to a local region |
| epidemics | occur when a disease affects many people at the same time |
| pandemics | are widespread, prehaps global, epidemics |
| pathophysiology | the study of underlying physiological aspects of disease |
| communicable disease | can be transmitted from one person to another. |
| parasite | an organism that lives in or on another organism to obtain its nutrients |
| neoplasms | abnormal tissue growths |
| autoimmunity | self immunity |
| degeneration | the processes by which tissues break apart |
| risk factors | do not cause disease but put people " at risk" for developing it. |
| microbes | microscopic organisms that include bacteria, fungi, and protozoa |
| bacterium | a tiny, primitive cell without a nucleus |
| aerobic | requiring oxygen for their metabolism |
| anaerobic | requiring an absence fo oxygen |
| bacilli | are large, rod celled bacteria |
| cocci | are large, round bacteria |
| spores | nonreproducing forms of bacteria that resist unfavorable environmental conditions |
| fungi | simple organisms similar to plants but lack chlorophyll |
| yeast | small, single-celled fungi |
| molds | large, multicellular fungi |
| protozoa | large, one-celled organisms having organized nuclei |
| amoebas | are a major group of protozoa that possess pseudopodia |
| flagellates | protozao that possess flagella |
| ciliates | protozoa that have cilia |
| sporozoa | enter cells during one phase of a two part life cycle; borne by vectors during that phase |
| vector | an organism that spreads disease to other organisms |
| rhinovirus | is a virus that causes the common cold and is transmitted by person to person contact |
| Giardia lamblia | a common flagellate protozoan that causes diarrhea |
| nematodes | also called roundworms are large parasites that infest a variety of different human tissues |
| platyhelminths | flatworms and flukes are large parasites that can infest several different human organs |
| arthropods | include parasitic mites, ticks,lice, fleas; biting or stinging wasps, bees, mosquitoes,spiders can be vectos of disease |
| viruses | microscopic, intercellular parasites that consist of a nucleic acid core with a protein coat. Invade host cells and pirate organelles and raw material. Classified by shape, nucleic acid type, and method of reproduction |
| bacteria | tiny cells without nuclei that secrete toxins, parasitize host cells, or form colonies |
| neoplasm | literally means " new matter" and refers to the abnormal growth of cells |
| tumors | neoplasms can be distinct lumps of abnormal cellsl |
| beign tumors | a classification of a neoplasm that is localized within a tissue from which they arose |
| malignant tumors | a classification of a neoplasm that tends to spread to other regions of the body |
| metastasis | cells leave a primary tumor and start a secondary tumor at a new location |
| staging | the classification of a tumor by size and extent of spread |
| grading | the assessing of a tumor by its pattern of development |
| cachexia | a syndrome including appetite loss, weight loss and general weakness |
| fever | high body temperature caused by a resetting of the body's " thermostat" - destroying pathogens and enhances immunity |
| carinogens | chemicals that alter genetic activity |
