| A | B |
|---|
| March Fracture | Occurs in the 2nd Metatarsal; due to stress and a short 1st metatarsal |
| Jones Fracture | Occurs in the proximal end of the 5th metatarsal from stress or acute inversion |
| Plantar Fasciitis | microtears; inflammation of medial heel |
| Morton's Neuroma | a mass in the common plantar nerve between 3rd/4th metatarsal heads; pain, numbness |
| Turf Toe | 1st metatarsal-phalangeal sprain caused by hyperextension;dorsiflexion |
| Bunion | Hallux valgus deformity; enlargement of 1st metatarsal |
| Shin Splints | changing surfaces; tight achilles; faulty mechanics/footwear; stretch heel cord, get orthotics, ice massage |
| Compartment Syndrome | Increased pressure causes compression of muscular/neurovascular structures |
| Morton's Toe | Forces 2nd metatarsal to bear a greater % of forces |
| Lis Franc | sprain; fracture/dislocation between 1-2metatarsals/1-3 cuneiforms |
| Achilles Rupture | Complete tear; most common in people over 30 |
| Achilles Tendinitis | microtears; chronic; running uphill; overuse |
| Jones Fracture | Avulsion of proximal end of 5th metatarsal by Peroneus Brevis |
| Plantar Fasciitis | Caused by leg length discrepancy; overuse; poor arch support |
| Achilles Rupture | Acute; forceful plantar/dorsiflexion |
| Compartment Syndrome | acute/chronic; ice-no compression; fasciotomy |
| Turf Toe | Tape 1st toe into plantarflexion; replace insole with a stiffer one |
| Morton's Neuroma | Place a teardrop pad between 3rd/4th metatarsal heads |
| Shin Splints | Pronator- medial pain; Supinator-lateral pain; pain is diffuse; muscle and sheath irritation |
| Achilles Tendinitis | heel cup; heel cord stretching; tape ankle into plantarflexion |
| Stress Fracture | pool running, bike, swim, upper body bike/weights |
| Thompson Test | Positive indicates an achilles rupture |
| Talar Tilt | CF Ligament and Deltoid Instability |
| Anterior Drawer Test | Tests For ATF Instability; talus shifts forward |
| Kleiger's Test | Tests Deltoid and Syndesmosis Instability |
| Bump Test | Tap the heel; stress fracture test |
| Squeeze Test | Tibia/Fibula Fractures |
| Syndesmosis Sprain | Stretch of ligaments between tibia/fibula |
| Eversion Sprain | Deltoid Injury |
| Inversion Sprain | Lateral Ligaments-ATF,CF, PF |
| Anterior Talofibular Ligament | Weakest ligament; injured in plantarflexion/inversion |
| Phase 1 Ankle Rehab | Rest, protect, reduce swelling/pain |
| Phase 2 Ankle rehab | Restore rom, proprioception, strength |
| Phase 3 Ankle rehab | Gradual return; sports specific exercises |
| Horseshoe pad | Keeps swelling out of ankle joint |
| Compression Wrap | no gaps; 50% overlap; even pressure; start where toes meet metatarsals, finish where ankle meets calf |
| Subjective | What the athlete tells you; guides your evaluation; chief complaint/mechanism |
| Objective | Observation, Palpation, ROM/strength testing, Special tests, Functional tests - all done by examiner |
| Assessment | Name of Injury and related problems |
| Plan | Immediate treatment; short term and long term goals |
| Achilles Rupture | "I feel as if I have been kicked in the back of the leg; pop!! |
| Compartment Syndrome | Hot skin, deep aching pain that doesn't subside with rest, swelling, loss of foot motion and sensation |
| Bunions | Caused by narrow toe box; poor mechanics,joint damage due to arthritis |
| Jones Fracture | Sharp pain on lateral border of foot |
| Turf Toe | Shoe grips hard on surface, toes hyperextend and body weight goes forward |
| Achilles Rupture | Examiner observes and palpates a defect in distal calf |
| Plantar Fasciitis | Wear a night splint to keep the ankle in dorsiflexion; heel cup, arch tape |
| Inversion Ankle Sprains | Stretch the ATF, CF, PTF Ligaments |
| Anterior talofibular ligament | Most common ligament injured; plantarflexion and Inversion |
| 1st Degree Ankle Sprain | Mild pain swelling and discomfort, little or no joint laxity, mild swelling and stiffness |
| 2nd Degree Ankle Sprain | Moderate tearing of ligament fibers, difficulty walking, swelling |
| 3rd Degree ankle Sprain | Total Rupture of ligament, total instability of joint |
| Eversion Sprain | Leaset common; deltoid ligament |
| Deltoid ligament | Can be contused in a lateral ankle sprain |
| Syndesmosis Sprain | stretches fibers of the tibia-fibular ligaments; foot rolls inward, leg rotates outward |
