| A | B |
|---|
| Geology | the study of the Earth, its substances, shapes, processes and history - includes the study of rocks, minerals, fossils, crystals, volcanoes, and landforms |
| Rocks | solid materials that make up the outer layer of Earth |
| Minerals | naturally occurring substances that are neither plant nor animals |
| Crystal | a solid having a distinctive shape because its atoms are arranged in repeating patterns |
| Igneous | fire-made |
| Igneous Rock | a rock that is formed from hot, molten rock material that has cooled and hardened |
| Magma | molten material that is below the surface |
| Lava | molten material that reaches the surface |
| Sedimentary Rock | a rock that formed from bits or layers of rocks cemented together |
| Sediments | deposited rock particles and other materials that settle in a liquid |
| Metamorphic Rock | rock that has been changed by heat, by pressure, or by both |
| Rock Cycle | a process by which rocks are changed from one type to another |
| Fossil | any trace, mark or remains of an organism at least 10,000 years old that has usually been preserved in sedimentary rock |
| Weathering | the breaking down of rocks by wind, water, ice and freezing |
| Erosion | the movement of weathered rock pieces from one place to another |
| Soil | loose material that covers much of Earth’s land surfaces and is made up of rock pieces, minerals, humus, air and water |
| Sand | loose, granular, gritty particles of worn or disintegrated rocks, minerals or shells, smaller than gravel and coarser than silt, clay and dust; any material between 2 mm and 0.06 mm in size |
| Gravel | any unconsolidated mixture of rock fragments greater than |
| Humus | leftover decomposed plant and animal matter |
| Natural resource | any useful material from Earth |
| Conservation | the wise use of natural resources |
| Geologist | a scientist who studies rocks and minerals to find out about the structure of the Earth's crust and how it formed |
