| A | B |
|---|
| deoxyribose | 5C sugar found in DNA |
| ribose | sugar found in RNA |
| frameshift mutation | caused by an insertion or deletion of a base |
| point mutation | caused by a change in a single base pair of DNA |
| thymine | nitrogen base not found in RNA |
| uracil | RNA base that pairs with adenine |
| nucleotides | molecules of DNA are made up of these subunits |
| amount of guanine | equals the amount of cytosine |
| Watson and Crick | demonstrated that DNA is made of two strands twisted as a helix |
| Franklin and Wilkens | suggested DNA was a double helix using xray diffraction |
| Chargaff | stated the amount of adenine equals amount of thymine and cytosine equals guanine |
| DNA helicase | enzyme responsible for unzipping DNA during DNA replication |
| DNA polymerase | enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides during DNA replication |
| transcription | when genetic information is rewritten as a molecule of mRNA |
| anticodon | nucleotide triplet in tRNA |
| codon | nucleotide triplet in mRNA |
| tRNA | carries an amino acid to its correct codon at the ribosome |
| DNA replication | process by which DNA copies itself |
| protein synthesis | transcription and translation are stages of this process |
| AUG | start codon |
| UAG | stop codon |
| 20 | number of amino acids |
| mutagen | anything that causes a change in DNA |
