| A | B |
|---|
| When was the word ecology first used? | About 1900 |
| What is the study of earth's organisms and their interaction with their environment called? | ecology |
| How did the Australians finally get control of the rabbits? | a virus |
| In order to survive, all organisms need energy, and lots of it. Where does that energy come from? | the sun |
| What type of consumer is an eagle? | tertiary |
| What type of consumer is a rat? | primary |
| What type of consumer is a snake? | secondary |
| What is the name of the simpliest food diagram? | food chain |
| What is the name of the more complex diagram for showing feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem. | food web |
| The energy of a primary consumer is vastly more than the energy that it got from the producer (True or False). | false |
| What are the things that are not alive in ecosystems called? | abiotic factors |
| What is the word for "a specific form of symbiosis in which two or more organisms live in a mutually beneficial relationship"? | mutualism |
| Energy is lost each time it moves up a trophic level in an ecosystem (true or false). | true |
| An example of mutualism is the relationship between the clownfish and the ___ ___. | sea anemones |
| Examples of an ecosystem's physical environment. | water, rocks, and mud |
| What are clouds? | evaporated water |
| A diagram that depicts the movement of water between the earth and the air is called a ___? | water cycle |
| The process of water evaporating from plants. | transpiration |
| The draining of water from mountains and hills into a pond is an example of a ___. | watershed |
| About what percent of the air we breathe is hydrogen? | Less than 1% |
| About what percent of the air we breathe is oxygen? | 21% |
| About what percent of the air we breathe is nitrogen? | 78% |
| Ozone forms a shield called the ___ ___ that protects us from certain harmful rays which come from the sun. | ozone layer |
| Do plants respire? | yes |
| In order for a molecule to be considered organic, it must have ___ atoms in it. | carbon |
| Name three processes that put carbon dioxide into the air | respiration, decomposition, burning |
| Carbon dioxide gets into the air mostly from what? | burning of fossil fuels |
| What is the primary process for the use of carbon dioxide found in the air? | photosynthesis |
| The process by which certain gases (principally water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane) trap heat that would otherwise escape the earth and radiate into space | Greenhouse effect |
| If the amount of carbon dioxide in the air decreased significantly, the earth would: | get colder |
| Some people are worried that the air is getting so rich in carbon dioxide that the greenhouse effect is already becoming enhanced and the earth is already getting abnormally warm. They call this phenomenon ___ ___, and they are convinced that the earth will simply get too hot if something isn't done to stop the buildup of carbon dioxide in the air. | global warming |
| The carbon dioxide graph shows that there has been a steady (increase or decrease) in carbon dioxide levels in the air since about 1920. | increase |
| Over the time that the amount of carbon dioxide in the air increased steadily, the average temperature of the earth: | did not change significantly |
| In order to see a change in the greenhouse effect, there must be a significant change in the amount of carbon dioxide in the air. Do scientists agree that the increase in carbon dioxide is significant? | no |
| A team from Harvard University reviewed over 240 scientific studies on global temperatures in the past, and their research indicates that the earth was significantly (warmer or colder) between the ninth and fourteenth centuries than it is today. | warmer |
| The best global indicator is the satellite temperature data, and they indicate ___ ___ ___. I | no global warming |
| A large amount of the carbon dioxide going into the ocean is used for? | photosynthesis of phytoplankton |
| Organisms get the nitrogen they need right out of the air (true or false). | false |
| Lighting strikes break down nitrogen into the ___ and ___ that organisms need. | nitrates and nitrites |
| Nitrogen fixation is a term used to describe the process of converting nitrogen gas into chemically active molecules that many organisms can use. (True or False) | true |
| Most of the nitrogen fixation is done by ___ ___ ___, which have been designed to take nitrogen gas from the air and convert it to ammonia. | nitrogen-fixing bacteria |
