| A | B |
|---|
| What motivated migration into California? | gold rush (1849) |
| What motivated migration into Nevada | silver mines--Comstock Lode |
| Which act was passed to encourage farming on the Great Plains? | Homestead Act (1862) |
| What was established by the Morrill Land Grant Act (1862)? | colleges and universities |
| What types of homes did early settlers build who homesteaded on the Great Plains? | sod houses |
| Which groups of people labored to build the transcontinental railroads? | Irish and Chinese immigrants |
| Who were the "Exodusters"? | black homesteaders |
| What opened up the Indian territory to homesteading? | Oklahoma Land Rush |
| What internal improvement linked western farms and ranches to eastern cities? | transcontinental railroad |
| Where did the Central Pacific and Union Pacific railroads meet to complete the nation's first transcontinental railroad (1869)? | Promontory Point, Utah |
| How did cattlemen bring Texas longhorns to railroad shipping centers? | cattle drives |
| What ended the era of open range and cattle drives? | barbed wire |
| What resource did the nomadic lifestyle of the Plains Indians depend on? | buffalo |
| What did the government use to remove Indians from lands desired by new settlers? | reservations |
| Which battle resulted in a victory by Sioux and Cheyenne warriors over General George Armstrong Custer? | Battle of the Little Bighorn |
| List examples of American Indian leaders who tried to resist being forced onto the reservations. | Sitting Bull (Sioux), Chief Joseph (Nez Perce) |
| Which reformer brought attention to injustices done against American Indians? | Helen Hunt Jackson (A Century of Dishonor) |
| Which battle was the last conflict between the government and American Indians? | Wounded Knee (1890) |
| What act destroyed Indian tribal life? | the Dawes Severalty Act |
| What federal Indian policy was implemented under the Dawes Act? | assimilation/"Americanization" |
| What did farmers and ranchers use to acquire water in the West? | windmills |
| What hardships did farmers face in the West? | falling crop prices and high railroad shipping rates |
| What organization did farmers form to protest high freight rates on the railroads? | the Grange |
| What political party was formed by farmers' alliances? | the Populist party |
| What political reforms were supported by the Populists? | secret ballot and direct election of U.S. Senators |
| List the economic reforms supported by the Populists. | government regulation of the railroads, progressive income tax, bimetallism |
| What money policy was supported by big business and urban interests? | Gold standard |
| What money policy was supported by the Populists? | bimetallism |
| What did Populists hope that the result of an "easy" or "loose" money policy based on bimetallism would be? | inflation--rising crop prices |
| Which legislation was passed to regulate shipping rates on the railroads? | Interstate Commerce Act |
| Which campaign speech was used to criticize the Gold Standard in the 1896 presidential election? | "Cross of Gold" speech |
| The "Cross of Gold" speech was used in the campaign of which presidential candidate in 1896? | William Jennings Bryan |
| Which political party supported the gold standard that was favored by business and urban interests? | Republican party |
| Who won the presidential election of 1896? | William McKinley (Rep.) |
| Which political party adopted the ideas of the Populists? | Democratic party |
| What four groups of people make up the story of the settlement of the West? | Native Americans, homesteaders, miners, and cattlemen |
| What book did Dee Brown write on the govt's broken treaties with Indians? | Wounded My Heart at Wounded Knee |
| What corruption scandal involved the building of the Union Pacific railroad? | Credit Mobilier |
| Who was the female Populist who told farmers they needed to "raise less corn and more hell"? | Mary Elizabeth Lease |
