| A | B |
|---|
| Alfred von Schlieffen | Count German General who developed a strategy plan for World War I |
| Black Hand | Pre-World War I secret Serbian society; one of its members, Gavrilo Princip, assassinated Austrian archduke Francis Ferdinand and provided the spark for the outbreak of the Great War. |
| Bolsheviks | Russian communist party headed by Lenin. |
| Central Powers | World War I term for the alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman empire. |
| Dreadnoughts | A class of British battleships whose heavy armaments made all other battleships obsolete overnight. |
| February Revolution | Russian uprising in 1917 against shortages and the mounting toll of World War I. Nicholas II abdicated the thrown, and a provisional government was established. |
| Fourteen Points | Proposal by Woodrow Wilson as a post war peace settlement also adopted by Allies |
| Francis Ferdinand | My death was the catalyst for World War I. There were seven assassins armed with bombs and revolvers waiting for me. My wife Sophie and I were killed by extreme Serbian nationalists. In 1914 I made my first official visit to Sorojevo. |
| Gallipoli | World War I battle in which the British lead a disastrous attack on the Ottomans; the number of Allied casualties weakens loyalty between Britain and Canada, Australia, and New Zealand |
| Gavrilo Princip | fired shots heard around the world that triggred greatest war in human history and killed Arch Duke Ferdinands |
| Great Easter Rebellion | April 1916 by Irish nationalist, attempted unsuccessfully to overthrow British rule in Ireland |
| Helmuth Karl von Moltke | Former chief of the Prussian General Staff, predicted that future wars would not end with a single battle |
| Ibn Ali Hussain | Sherif of Mecca & King of the Hejaz rose up against Turkish rule |
| Joseph Caillaux | Former prime minister who spent tow year in prison awaiting trial because he had publicly suggested that the best interest of France would be to reach a compromise peach with Germany |
| League of Nations | Forerunner of the United Nations, the dream of American president Woodrow Wilson, although its potential was severely limited by the refusal of the United States to join. |
| Lusitania | British passenger liner sunk in 1915 that helped sway American opinion of the war. |
| Marne | to do |
| Mustapha Kemal | The first Turkish president |
| naval blockade | to do |
| Nicholas II | delayed mobilization against russia |
| No-man’s-land | The grim reality f trench warfare; relenting slaughter |
| October Revolution | Bolsheviks seize power from Russian provisional government in the name of all Soviets. |
| Pan-Slavism | A nineteenth century movement that stressed the ethnic and cultural kinship of the various Slav peoples of eastern and eat central Europe and sought to unite those peoples politically |
| “Peace, Land, and Bread” | lenin and bolshevik slogan |
| Plan XVII | French military strategy which amounted to a veritable celebration of offensive maneuvers; attack |
| Schlieffen plan | Germany's World War I plan of attack in which they would swiftly attack France and then fight a defensive war against Russia. |
| Self-determination | Belief popular in World War I and after that every people should have the right to determine their own political destiny; the belief was often cited but ignored by the Great Powers. |
| Somme | Battle of Somme where British counter attack to relieve presser on Verdun; slaughter |
| T. E. Lawrence | British adventurer who organized Arab resistance to ottomans during the war |
| Treaty of Brest Litovsk | Bolshevik rulers ended Russia’s involvement in the Great War by signing this treaty w/Germany on March 3, 1918. The treaty gave the Germans possession or control over much of Russia’s territory. |
| Treaty of Brest Litovsk | Bolshevik rulers ended Russia’s involvement in the Great War by signing this treaty w/Germany on March 3, 1918. The treaty gave the Germans possession or control over much of Russia’s territory. |
| Treaty of Versailles | In 1919 this treaty denied Germans a navy and air force and limited the size of the German army to 100,000 troops and Allies prohibited Germany and Austria from entering into any sort of political union. |
| Triple Alliance | Pre-World War I alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. |
| Triple Entente | Pre-World War I alliance of England, France, and Russia. |
| Twenty-one Demands | Japans demands on China which showed how determined Japan was to dominate east Asia-brought more pressure between China and Japan |
| Verdun | In 1916 a battle Germans tried to break the Russian deadlock with a huge assault on this fortress |
| Vladimir Ilyich Lenin | I was the head of the Bolsheviks, the radical wind of the Russian social Democratic Party. In 1917 convinced the Central committee of the Bolshevik party to organize an armed insurrection of workers, soldiers, and sailors to storm Winter Palace. I believed that the working class was incapable of developing the proper revolutionary consciousness that would lead to action; they required a well organized and highly disciplined party. |
| Woodrow Wilson | I was a chief proponent of national self-determinism. I was an American president. I was the author of the Fourteen Points-a proposal for a just and enduring post-war peace settlement. I was the father of the League of Nations. |
