| A | B |
|---|
| Tissue | Groups of cells that work together in your body to perform a particular function |
| Organ | Two or more types of tissues working together to perform a certain functions. |
| Organ system | a group of organs that work together to carry out major activities or processes |
| Epithelial tissue | tissue that lines most of the body surfaces and protects from dehydration and physical damage |
| Nervous tissue | consists of nerve cells that carry information (impulses) throughout the body |
| Connective tissue | Supports, protects and insulates the body (fat, bone, blood, cartilage, tendons) |
| Muscle tissue | contracts to enable body structures to move (Types: Smooth, cardiac, and skeletal) |
| Integumentary system | system which protects the body from injury, provides a defense against pathogens, helps regulate body temperature and prevents the body from drying out. This system includes the skin (largest organ in body), hair and nails |
| Epidermis | the outermost layer of skin which is composed of flat, dead epithelial cells |
| Keratin | protein found in the epidermis that makes skin tough and waterproof |
| Melanin | the pigment (color) of one’s skin is determined by this substance found in the epidermis |
| Dermis | made of only living cells. This layer contains nerve cells, blood vessels, specialized skin cells, and hair follicles. |
| Sweat glands | located in the dermis these glands produce sweat which helps remove excess body heat and also removes excess waste (sodium, urea, other toxins) |
| Subcutaneous Tissue | composed mostly of fat, this layer acts as a shock absorber, provides insulation, stores energy and anchors the skin to the organs below |
| Skeletal system | system which provides protection for internal organs, a framework for structure and support and works with the muscular system to enable movement of body parts |
| Bone marrow | a soft tissue that begins the production of red blood cells and platelets…is located in the ends of long bones and in the middle part of flat bones |
| Periosteum | A tough exterior membrane which covers the bone…it contains many blood vessels that supply nutrients to the bone |
| Joint | the place where two bones meet |
| Cartilage | A strong, flexible connective tissue that cushions the ends of bones where they come together and enables them to move smoothly |
| Ligament | Connective tissue that connects bones to bones and holds them in place, keeping them from moving too far in one direction |
| Ball and Socket joint | allow the greatest range of motion (shoulder & hip) |
| Pivot joint | allows a rotation movement such as when you turn your head |
| Hinge joint | allows bending and straightening (elbow, knee, finger) |
| Gliding joint | allows a sliding motion such as in your wrists and ankles |
| Saddle joint | only found at the base of your thumb…it allows the thumb to rotate, bend and straighten |
| Smooth muscle | involuntary muscles found in your blood vessels and organ linings |
| Cardiac muscle | is found only in the heart where rhythmic contractions control the pumping action of the heart…generate their own electrical signal which causes contractions |
| Skeletal muscle | are attached to bone….they contract and relax to produce a specific movement…interacts with motor neurons to send impulses to brain |
| Tendon | connective tissue which connects muscles to bones (ex: Achilles Tendon) |
| Flexor | muscle that causes a joint to bend by contracting (Bicep) |
| Extensor | muscle that causes a joint to straighten by contracting (Tricep) |
