| A | B |
|---|
| Oregon Trial | the main route across the central plains & the Rocky Mountains |
| pass | A low place in a montain range that allows travelers to cross over to the other side |
| cede | to surrender officially or informally |
| Santa Fe Trail | trail from Independence, Missouri to Santa Fe, New Mexico in the mid- 1800 |
| trans-Appalachia | area west of the Appalachian mountains |
| Texas War for Independence | Successful revolt by Texans against Mexican rule in 1835- 1836 |
| annex | to join or attach as in the joining of a new territory to an existing country |
| Adams-Onis Treaty | 1819 treaty between the U.S. and Spain, in which Spain cede Florida to the U.S. also called the Transcontinental Treaty |
| California Gold Rush | mass migration to California following the discovery of gold in 1848 |
| Battle of the Alamo | Capture by Mexican troops of a Texan-held mission in San Antonio, in 1836 Lasted 13 days |
| ghost town | abandoned communities after the gold was extracted |
| mountain men | white settlers who began trading with native americans |
| presidios | spanish soldiers and priest built forts along Californias coastline |
| manifest destiny | some Americans believed that it was their nations undeniable fate, to extend its reach from the Atlantic to the Pacific |
| nomadic | people who move their homes regularly, usually in search of available food |
| Mexican War | U.S. troops invaded land claimed by both countries. Conflict between the U.S. and Mexico from 1846 to 1848, ending with a U.S. victory |
| Great Plains | vast grassland between Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains |
| Treaty of Cordoba | Mexico gained independence from Spain through this treaty Aug. 24, 1821 |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo 1848 | gave the U.S. the territories of Texas, New Mexico and California and paid $15 million |
| Gadsden Purchase | Mexicosold land that is now part of southern New Mexico and Arizon to the U.S. for $10 million |
| Wilmot Proviso | A measure in Congress asking not to allow slavery in any western territories, was consistly defeated by Congress |
| dark horse | an unexpected candidate |
| James K. Polk | Democrat President 11th from Tennessee Vice Presdent George Dallas |
| Steve Austin | led the first organized group of American settlers into Texas in 1822 |
| General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna | took power in Mexico, made himself dictator |
| Sam Houston | settler from Tennessee became commander in chief |
| United States | tripled in size between 1800- 1860 |
| Polk's 4 goals | Settle the "Oregon Question", Lower Tariff of 1842, Establish an independent treasury, Annex Texas & California |
| 1845 US claim to Oregon Territory | Lewis and Clark & The Oregon Trial |
| 49 Parallel | US and G Britian a treaty to divide Oregon at the |
